Unit 8: Ancient Rome

Question 1

dictator

Answer 1

someone who has all the power

Question 2

constitution

Answer 2

written set of laws

Question 3

republic

Answer 3

gov. that uses representatives to make laws+decisions, has a constitution to protect the people

Question 4

patrician

Answer 4

upper-class, wealthy citizens

Question 5

plebian

Answer 5

everyone else that was free

Question 6

the Twelve Tables

Answer 6

1st Roman laws put into writing (all citizens had = treatment under law)

Question 7

the Senate

Answer 7

300 members who control money and taxes

Question 8

the Tribune of the Plebs

Answer 8

10 plebian members who represented the interests of the plebians

Question 9

Julius Caesar

Answer 9

military general, 1st dictator of Rome

Question 10

First Triumvirate

Answer 10

voting pact between 2 consuls (Pompey and Caesar) and JC

Question 11

Caesar Augustus

Answer 11

in the 2nd Triumvirate, 1st emperor of Rome

Question 12

Second Triumvirate

Answer 12

military dictatorship between Octavian, Mark Anthony, and Lepidus

Question 13

Pax Romana

Answer 13

height of the Roman Empire

Question 14

Praetorian Guard

Answer 14

an elite unit of bodyguards for the emperor

Question 15

Bread and Circuses

Answer 15

Roman gov. kept people distracted from their troubles by offering free food and entertainment (in the Colosseum)

Question 16

Byzantine Empire

Answer 16

the east empire of the empire that was divided by Constantine into east and west

Question 17

Constantinople

Answer 17

the eastern capital of Ancient Rome

Question 18

Edict of Milan

Answer 18

proclamation that decriminalized Christianity

Question 19

Christianity

Answer 19

monotheistic religion that believes that Jesus was a savior sent by God

Question 20

the Bible

Answer 20

a holy book used by Christians

Question 21

Constantine

Answer 21

emperor who decriminalized Christianity

Question 22

How is the U.S democratic (ancient ____) and a republic (like ____)?

Answer 22

Greece:
-direct democracy
-citizens went and put their vote themselves

Rome:
-representatives who make laws+decisions
-written constitution (to protect the people)

Question 23

3 reasons (maybe fourth) that the Roman Republic collapsed (into the Roman empire):

Answer 23

1. Expansion caused social and economic tensions. (forced plebians to fight, wars destroyed farmland)
2. Shifting alliances
3. Generals start fighting each other
   4?. Julius Caesar was murdered

Question 24

How does Pax Romana represent the downfall of the republic?

Answer 24

-shifting of alliances
-generals start fighting each other instead of/rather than fighting outside enemies

Question 25

What was it like to be a gladiator?

Answer 25

-good food+medical care
-were usually slaves
-lives depended on how well they fought

Question 26

How did wealth/social status affect people in GOVERNMENT?

Answer 26

-Senate had 300 members, who were traditionally patricians
-Tribune of the Plebs had plebian members represent the interests of the plebeians

Question 27

How did wealth/social status affect people with FOOD AND DRINK?

Answer 27

Patricians: afforded kitchens, consumed elaborate dinners, ate special appetizers

Plebeians: cooked on grills, depended on thermopolias (“fast food” places that cooked hot meals on the go)

Question 28

How did wealth/social status affect WOMEN?

Answer 28

Patricians: married in their teens, spun and wove wool, and also attended school.

Plebians: could learn how to read/write, married around 20 years old

Question 29

How did wealth/social status affect people in RECREATION?

Answer 29

Patricians: got a lot of leisure b/c of slaves, went to go watch gladiator fights, chariot races, and musical performances at each other’s houses

Plebians: provided free entertainment by Roman gov. watched gladiator fights+chariot races in their free time

Question 30

Timeline order (5)

Answer 30

1. Roman Republic is established
2. Over expansion+civil war
3. Augustus becomes 1st emperor
4. Rome falls
5. Constantine decriminalizes Christianity