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PNS > Unit 8 > Flashcards

Unit 8 Flashcards

1
Q

When the ciliary body contracts, the suspensory ligaments will ____, causing the lens to become more globular

A

Relax

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2
Q

This muscle of the iris is innervated by sympathetics, using norepinephrine as an excitatory action on Alpha1 receptors

A

Radial (going outward from pupil)

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3
Q

The radial muscle of the iris will ____ the pupil

A

Dilate

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4
Q

This muscle of the iris is innervated by parasympathetics, and uses Acetylcholine at muscarinic receptors (+)

A

Circular muscle

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5
Q

The circular muscle of the iris will ____ the pupil

A

Constrict

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6
Q

The origin of the pre-ggl PE cell body associated with the eye

A

Edinger-Westphal Nucleus in Midbrain

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7
Q

The name and type of ganglion associated with the synapse of the pre/post ggl PE associated with the eye

A

Ciliary ggl, terminal

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8
Q

The name of the nerve going to the iris and ciliary body after leaving the ciliary ggl

A

Short ciliary nerve

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9
Q

Origin of pre-ggl sympathetic cell body associated with the iris

A

T1 IML nucleus

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10
Q

The pre/post ggl sympathetic synapse associated with the iris occurs here

A

Superior cervical ganglion

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11
Q

The post-ggl sympathetic axons associated with the iris travel on what before going through the ciliary ggl?

A

Internal carotid plexus

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12
Q

The innervation of the ciliary body and iris is what cranial nerve?

A

III (Oculomotor)

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13
Q

A relaxed ciliary muscle (body) will cause the suspensory ligaments to tighten and the lens to flatten. This is used for ___ vision

A

Far

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14
Q

Another word for near-vision?

A

Accomodation

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15
Q

Innervation of the lacrimal gland is associated with what cranial nerve?

A

CN VII (Facial)

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16
Q

The pre-ggl PE path of CN III travels through what opening in the skull?

A

Superior Orbital Fissure (SOF)

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17
Q

The parasympathetic innervation of the lacrimal gland causes fluid secretion for ____, while the sympathetics cause fluid secretion for ____

A

Protection, emotions

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18
Q

Origin of pre-ggl PE cell body associated with the lacrimal gland

A

Superior salivatory nucleus in Pons

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19
Q

The pre-ggl PE of CN VII (to lacrimal gland) leave the internal skull via the ____

A

Internal Auditory Meatus (IAM)

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20
Q

After leaving via the IAM, the pre-ggl PE of CN VII is called the ____

A

Greater petrosal nerve

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21
Q

The pre-ggl PE of CN VII join up with the post-ggl sympathetics for the lacrimal gland and traverse through a small canal in the skull. What’s the name of the nerve at this point?

A

Nerve of the pterygoid canal

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22
Q

The origin of the post-ggl PE cell body to the lacrimal gland

A

Pterygopalatine ggl

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23
Q

Another name for the pterygopalatine ggl?

A

Sphenopalatine ggl

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24
Q

The post-ggl PE and sympathetic axons to the lacrimal gland join up with the ____ nerve after leaving the pterygopalatine ggl

A

Maxillary branch of Trigeminal (V2)

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25
Q

After leaving the superior cervical ggl, the post-ggl sympathetics to the lacrimal gland will travel on the internal carotid plexus, but then branch off as the ____ nerve before joining with the pre-ggl PE

A

Deep petrosal

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26
Q

The greater and deep petrosal nerves will join to form the ______

A

Nerve of the pterygoid canal

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27
Q

Origin of the pre-ggl PE to the salivary glands (submandibular/sublingual)

A

Superior salivatory nucleus in Pons

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28
Q

When the pre-ggl PE of CN VII to the salivary glands leave the internal skull via the IAM, the nerve is called what?

A

Chorda tympani nerve

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29
Q

There is an SVA running with the pre-ggl PE chorda tympani nerve in the middle ear. This SVA comes from?

A

Taste for anterior 2/3’s of tongue

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30
Q

A clinical problem associated with erosion of the middle ear is called ____

A

Acute otitis media

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31
Q

The ganglion associated with the SVA for taste of ant. 2/3’s of the tongue is called? (Near Superior Salivatory Nucleus of Pons)

A

Geniculate ganglion

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32
Q

The pre-ggl PE to the salivary glands separate from the chorda tympani and run in what nerve?

A

Mandibular branch of Trigeminal (V3)

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33
Q

Name of the ganglion where pre/post-ggl PE to the salivary glands synapse?

A

Submandibular ggl

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34
Q

The post-ggl sympathetics to the salivary glands travel on the _____ after leaving the Superior cervical ggl

A

External carotid plexus

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35
Q

The post-ggl sympathetics to the salivary glands will travel with the ___ or ___ plexus after they travel with the external carotid plexus

A

Lingual, facial

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36
Q

The sympathetics to the salivary glands are mostly responsible for _____

A

Vascular innervation (vasoconstriction)

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37
Q

The typical reaction and receptors at the synapses for pre/post-ggl PE and sympathetics is:

A

Acetylcholine @ Nicotinic cholinergic, +

38
Q

Innervation of the parotid gland is associated with what cranial nerve?

A

CN IX (glossopharyngeal)

39
Q

Salivary glands secrete saliva, which is rich in what enzyme the begins to break down carbohydrates?

A

Salivary amylase

40
Q

Origin of the pre-ggl PE to the parotid gland?

A

Inferior salivatory nucleus (CN IX) in the medulla

41
Q

The pre-ggl PE to the parotid gland will leave the cranium via the ____

A

Jugular foramen

42
Q

After exiting the cranium via the jugular foramen, the pre-ggl PE to the parotid gland travel in what nerve?

A

Lesser petrosal nerve

43
Q

The synapse of the pre/post-ggl PE to the parotid gland occurs in what ganglion?

A

Otic ganglion

44
Q

The post-ggl PE to the parotid gland are carried on what branch of the maxillary nerve (V2)?

A

Auriculotemporal branch

45
Q

The post-ggl sympathetics to the parotid gland travel on what plexus after they leave the SCG?

A

External carotid plexus

46
Q

The post-ggl sympathetics to the parotid gland will join what plexus after leaving the external carotid plexus?

A

Superficial temporal plexus

47
Q

List the location, reaction, and receptor for the sympathetic innervation on the heart

A

Primarily on AV node, also purkinje fibers, Norepinephrine on Beta-1 receptors, +

48
Q

List the location, reaction and receptor type associated with the PE innervation of the heart

A

SA node, Acetylcholine on M2 receptors, - (inhibitory)

49
Q

What nerve bears primary responsibility for the resting heart rate?

A

Right Vagus (X)

50
Q

Origin of the pre-ggl PE to the heart

A

Nucleus ambiguus in medulla

51
Q

How do the pre-ggl PE to the heart leave the cranium?

A

Jugular foramen

52
Q

What ganglion do the PE to the heart synapse in?

A

Cardiopulmonary ggl

53
Q

Describe the location of the cardiopulmonary ggl

A

On aorta at the level of trachea bifurcation

54
Q

Origin of pre-ggl sympathetics to the heart

A

IML T1-T4,5

55
Q

Name of the 7 post-ggl sympathetics to the heart?

A

Cardiopulmonary nerves

56
Q

Name the functional components in the cardiopulmonary ggl (4)

A

Pre-ggl PE SVE
Post-ggl PE SVE
Post-ggl Sympathetic SVE
GVA

57
Q

The type of GVAs following the PE path to the heart?

A

Physiologic GVAs (Stretch/distention)

58
Q

The type of GVAs following the sympathetic path to the heart?

A

Nociceptive GVAs

59
Q

The name of the ggl associated with physiologic GVAs from the heart?

A

Nodose ggl

60
Q

What do the autonomics traveling to the bronchi innervate?

A

Smooth muscle, mucous glands

61
Q

Are the actions of the sympathetics on the bronchi smooth muscle and mucous glands excitatory or inhibitory?

A

Inhibitory

62
Q

Name the substance and receptor for the sympathetics on the bronchi

A

Norepinephrine, B2

63
Q

Name the substance and receptor for the post-ggl PE on the bronchi

A

Acetylcholine, Muscarinic

64
Q

Are the actions of the PE on the bronchi excitatory or inhibitory?

A

Excitatory

65
Q

Origin of pre-ggl PE to bronchi?

A

Dorsal motor nucleus (X)

66
Q

The path of the pre-ggl PE to the heart and bronchi after exiting the cranium via the jugular foramen?

A

Carotid sheath > thoracic outlet > cardiopulmonary ggl

67
Q

Origin of the pre-ggl PE to the abdominopelvic viscera?

A

Dorsal motor nucleus of X (DMX)

68
Q

General location of pre/post-ggl PE synapse for abdominopelvic viscera?

A

IN the organ (intramural)

69
Q

Spinal segments in greater splanchnic nerve?

A

T6-9

70
Q

Spinal segments in lesser splanchnic nerve?

A

T10-11

71
Q

Spinal segment in least splanchnic nerve?

A

T12

72
Q

Spinal segments in lumbar splanchnics?

A

L1-2

73
Q

Spinal segments in sacral splanchnics?

A

L1-2

74
Q

Ganglion associated with greater splanchnic nerve?

A

Celiac ganglion

75
Q

Ganglion associated with lesser splanchnic nerve?

A

Superior mesenteric ggl

76
Q

Ganglion associated with least splanchnic nerve?

A

Inferior mesenteric ggl

77
Q

Ganglion associated with lumbar and sacral splanchnic nerves?

A

Inferior hypogastric ggl

78
Q

Name and spinal segments of the parasympathetic splanchnics?

A

Pelvic splanchnics, S2-4

79
Q

Ganglion associated with pelvic splanchnics?

A

Pelvic ggl (aka inferior hypogastric - same as lumbar and sacral splanchnics)

80
Q

Basic function of the sympathetic input on the abdominopelvic viscera?

A

Slow or stop digestion and digestive activity

81
Q

This type of input enhances and supports digestion in the abdominopelvic viscera (symp or PE)

A

Parasympathetic

82
Q

Another name for pre-vertebral ganglia?

A

Collateral ganglia

83
Q

What functional components are contained in the abdominopelvic viscera’s named ganglia? (Ex: Celiac ggl)

A
  1. Pre-ggl PE
  2. Pre-ggl E
  3. Post-ggl E
  4. GVAs
84
Q

The name for the ganglia IN the visceral walls?

A

Intramural ganglia (Auerbach’s and Meissner’s)

85
Q

What splanchnic nerve goes to the stomach?

A

Greater splanchnic

86
Q

Splanchnic nerve going to liver and gallbladder?

A

Greater splanchnic

87
Q

The duodenum and pancreas are innervated by 2 splanchnic nerves and associated with two terminal ggl. Name them

A
  1. Greater and lesser splanchnics

2. Celiac and superior mesenteric ggl

88
Q

The innervation of the mid-gut (jejunum, ileum, cecum, ascending/transverse colon) is mostly associated with what terminal ggl?

A

Superior mesenteric

89
Q

Origin of pre-ggl PE to mid-gut

A

Dorsal motor nucleus of X

90
Q

Origin and splanchnic nerve of pre-ggl sympathetics to mid-gut

A

T10-11 IML, lesser splanchnic nerve

91
Q

Origin of the pre-ggl PE to lower-gut (splenic flexure, descending/sigmoid colon, rectum)

A

Sacral PE nucleus S2-4

PNS (3 decks)

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