Unit 8 Flashcards
Which type of anti-infective agent is a protein synthesis inhibitor with a spectrum similar to penicillin and, therefore, can be used in patients allergic to penicillin as a substitute.
macrolide
Which of the following is a cell wall synthesis inhibitor that is resistant to penicillinase and maybe effective against Klebsiella infections.
cephalosporins
A patient with a wart will be prescribed this class of drug to soften the scale and loosen the outer layers of the skin.
keratolytic
An agent that has the ability to kill bacteria independent of the immune system is called a:
bactericidal agent
A patient with acne that presents with an abundance of blackheads should be prescribed:
tretinoin
What type of drug is a cell wall synthesis inhibitor but is highly toxic and should be reserved for resistant hospital based infections?
glycopeptides
Which type of drug has the side effect of blurring of the distance vision…especially at night?
cholinergic drugs
You have been treating a young women for acne with systemic tetracyline for 3 months. She comes back to the office because she has developed a yeast infection. This is an example of:
a superinfection
The drug of choice to treat wide angle glaucoma is a __________ because it decreases the formation of aqueous humor but does not interfere with night vision.
beta blocker (Timolol maleate)
A mother brings her young son to you with a fever of 100.3, a runny nose and a cough. What is the most appropriate treatment at this point.
explain that it is most likely a viral infection for which an antibiotic would be ineffective and tell her to call if the infection gets worse.
An agents that disrupts the cell wall of bacteria is a(n) ____ agent.
bactericide
Which of the following are bactericidal and inhibit cell wall synthesis but do not have a beta-lactam structure?
glycopeptides
Should antiinfectives be used to treat infections such as mumps, chicken pox, or severe upper respiratory infections and why?
No, there are no antiinfectives available that effectively treat such infections.
Which of the following are bacteriostatic agents that inhibit protein synthesis?
all agents listed fit the description
macrolides
tetracyclines
lincosamides
Which of the following are bacteriostatic agents that inhibit folic acid synthesis?
sulfonamides
Which of the following is a cell wall synthesis inhibitor that is resistant to penicillinase and may be effective against Klebsiella infections (gram negative rod shaped enteric organism)?
cephalosporins
By definition, a substance that inhibits growth of bacteria is a/an:
bacteriostatic
Mouth sores, sore throat, diarrhea, or vaginal discharge in a patient being treated for a bladder infection are all symptoms of:
superinfection
Which of the following are bactericidal agents that inhibit DNA replication?
quinolones
Antiinfectives given unnecessarily may cause the development of:
both resistant strains of microorganisms and hypersensitivity reactions
Which of the following agents are likely to cause ototoxicity?
aminoglycosides
Which of the following is a broad spectrum antiinfective agent?
both chloamphenicol & sulfonamide
Which of the following is classified as a beta lactamase inhibitor that is used to “rejuvenate” penicillins against penicillinase microorganisms?
clavulanic acid
Which of the following broad-spectrum agents has caused cartilage erosion in young dogs and rats and should be used only with caution in pregnant or nursing women and in children under 18 years old?
fluoroquinolones
Which antimicrobial agent is dangerous to use in an infant because the infant cannot readily eliminate it.
chloramphenicol
Standard penicillin (group 1) is a ____ spectrum antibiotic because it is effective against ____ kinds of microorganisms.
narrow; relatively few
If doses of an antimicrobial agents are not administered to a patient on time each day, it may contribute to the development of resistant strains of bacteria because:
the blood concentration of the antiinfective agent is not maintained at an adequate level
Which of the following may discolor children’s teeth if used before age 8?
tetracycline
Which of the following is a narrow spectrum antibiotic that may be given in large doses?
penicillin
Which if the following is a broad-spectrum, bactericidal antibiotic that is often given with cephalosporins to increase effectiveness of both?
aminoglycosides
