Unit 8

Question 1

Which type of anti-infective agent is a protein synthesis inhibitor with a spectrum similar to penicillin and, therefore, can be used in patients allergic to penicillin as a substitute.

Answer 1

macrolide

Question 2

Which of the following is a cell wall synthesis inhibitor that is resistant to penicillinase and maybe effective against Klebsiella infections.

Answer 2

cephalosporins

Question 3

A patient with a wart will be prescribed this class of drug to soften the scale and loosen the outer layers of the skin.

Answer 3

keratolytic

Question 4

An agent that has the ability to kill bacteria independent of the immune system is called a:

Answer 4

bactericidal agent

Question 5

A patient with acne that presents with an abundance of blackheads should be prescribed:

Answer 5

tretinoin

Question 6

What type of drug is a cell wall synthesis inhibitor but is highly toxic and should be reserved for resistant hospital based infections?

Answer 6

glycopeptides

Question 7

Which type of drug has the side effect of blurring of the distance vision…especially at night?

Answer 7

cholinergic drugs

Question 8

You have been treating a young women for acne with systemic tetracyline for 3 months. She comes back to the office because she has developed a yeast infection. This is an example of:

Answer 8

a superinfection

Question 9

The drug of choice to treat wide angle glaucoma is a __________ because it decreases the formation of aqueous humor but does not interfere with night vision.

Answer 9

beta blocker (Timolol maleate)

Question 10

A mother brings her young son to you with a fever of 100.3, a runny nose and a cough. What is the most appropriate treatment at this point.

Answer 10

explain that it is most likely a viral infection for which an antibiotic would be ineffective and tell her to call if the infection gets worse.

Question 11

An agents that disrupts the cell wall of bacteria is a(n) ____ agent.

Answer 11

bactericide

Question 12

Which of the following are bactericidal and inhibit cell wall synthesis but do not have a beta-lactam structure?

Answer 12

glycopeptides

Question 13

Should antiinfectives be used to treat infections such as mumps, chicken pox, or severe upper respiratory infections and why?

Answer 13

No, there are no antiinfectives available that effectively treat such infections.

Question 14

Which of the following are bacteriostatic agents that inhibit protein synthesis?

Answer 14

all agents listed fit the description

macrolides
tetracyclines
lincosamides

Question 15

Which of the following are bacteriostatic agents that inhibit folic acid synthesis?

Answer 15

sulfonamides

Question 16

Which of the following is a cell wall synthesis inhibitor that is resistant to penicillinase and may be effective against Klebsiella infections (gram negative rod shaped enteric organism)?

Answer 16

cephalosporins

Question 17

By definition, a substance that inhibits growth of bacteria is a/an:

Answer 17

bacteriostatic

Question 18

Mouth sores, sore throat, diarrhea, or vaginal discharge in a patient being treated for a bladder infection are all symptoms of:

Answer 18

superinfection

Question 19

Which of the following are bactericidal agents that inhibit DNA replication?

Answer 19

quinolones

Question 20

Antiinfectives given unnecessarily may cause the development of:

Answer 20

both resistant strains of microorganisms and hypersensitivity reactions

Question 21

Which of the following agents are likely to cause ototoxicity?

Answer 21

aminoglycosides

Question 22

Which of the following is a broad spectrum antiinfective agent?

Answer 22

both chloamphenicol & sulfonamide

Question 23

Which of the following is classified as a beta lactamase inhibitor that is used to “rejuvenate” penicillins against penicillinase microorganisms?

Answer 23

clavulanic acid

Question 24

Which of the following broad-spectrum agents has caused cartilage erosion in young dogs and rats and should be used only with caution in pregnant or nursing women and in children under 18 years old?

Answer 24

fluoroquinolones

Question 25

Which antimicrobial agent is dangerous to use in an infant because the infant cannot readily eliminate it.

Answer 25

chloramphenicol

Question 26

Standard penicillin (group 1) is a ____ spectrum antibiotic because it is effective against ____ kinds of microorganisms.

Answer 26

narrow; relatively few

Question 27

If doses of an antimicrobial agents are not administered to a patient on time each day, it may contribute to the development of resistant strains of bacteria because:

Answer 27

the blood concentration of the antiinfective agent is not maintained at an adequate level

Question 28

Which of the following may discolor children’s teeth if used before age 8?

Answer 28

tetracycline

Question 29

Which of the following is a narrow spectrum antibiotic that may be given in large doses?

Answer 29

penicillin

Question 30

Which if the following is a broad-spectrum, bactericidal antibiotic that is often given with cephalosporins to increase effectiveness of both?

Answer 30

aminoglycosides