Unit 7: Origins of the Civil War

Question 1

Market Revolution

Answer 1

New industrial revolution, new transportation, new canals, steamships, and railroads

Question 2

Tariff of Abominations 1828

Answer 2

A high tariff on British cloths. Good for the North and American consumers. British retaliate by cutting orders for American Cotton

Question 3

Nullification Crisis

Answer 3

A proposition made by John C. Calhoun to South Caroline to ignore the new tariffs.

Question 4

John C Calhoun

Answer 4

Was the Vice President and was from South Carolina and was angry at the high tariffs in which he proposed a nullification to South Carolina to ignore these tariffs.

Question 5

Slave Power

Answer 5

Northern Argument that all the slave states have the power over the Federal government.

Question 6

Gag Rule, 1836-1844

Answer 6

Prohibit the discussion and debates of anti-slavery proposition in Congress.

Question 7

Manifest Destiny

Answer 7

Westward expansion! The nation was destined to expand to both seas. (Western and Eastern!)

Question 8

Trail of Tears

Answer 8

Cherokee were forced to leave for Oklahoma. They start with 20,000 and only 15,000 made it… alot of death occured

Question 9

Indian Removal Act of 1830

Answer 9

Congress passes this Act because, Jackson hated the Indians for being in the way of Westward expansion.

Question 10

Missouri Compormise 1820

Answer 10

There were 2 parts:
1. Two new states Missouris is a slave state and Maine comes in as a free state (Slavery only in the South.Dividing lines to seperate)
2.Texas war with Mexico

Question 11

Texas and slavery

Answer 11

Texas did not want to leave slavery so they fought against Mexico. As Texas joined the US as a slave state. In which Texas wins and spreads slavery.

Question 12

Stephen F Austin

Answer 12

Would give 80 acres of land to anyone who would come and bring slaves.

Question 13

Mexican War

Answer 13

U.S. claimed the Rio Grande as the boundary, while Mexico insisted it was the Nueces River to the northeast. The dispute escalated into military conflict when fighting broke out between American and Mexican troops along the Rio Grande in April 1846.

Question 14

Wilmot Proviso

Answer 14

A proposal by Davild Wilmot from Pennsylvania( Anti-slavery: Active underground railroad)

-* There will be no slavery in the Mexican session by proposing a law called “Wilmot Proviso”*

Question 15

Mexican Cession

Answer 15

Territory that given up by Mexico to the US as Mexico lost the war.

Question 16

Free-soilers (1848)

Answer 16

They argued about economic slavery was unacceptable in capitalism

*Develops over the years and develops into the Republican Party *
-“Free soil, Free labor, Free men”

Question 17

“Free soil, Free labor, Free men”

Answer 17

This phrase came from the free-soilers and they were against slavery

Question 18

Republican Party

Answer 18

Abolitionist and Free soilers, it was a more anti-slavery conversations

Question 19

Compromise of 1850

Answer 19

California applies to become a free state. South gets 2 things and the North gets 2 things.

North:
-DC slave trade abolished
-Calfornia a free state

South:
-New fugitive slave act
-Popular sovereignty in New Mexico & Utah

Question 20

Popular soverighty

Answer 20

People/voters will decide if slavery will be legal in New Mexico & Utah, Congress can NOT decide

Question 21

Fugitive Slave Act of 1850

Answer 21

Federal law enforcement are assigned to collect runaway slaves. (US Marshall) . The free state is taken out of the equation and the US Marshall could get private citizens to help capture slaves. (State can not interfere)

Question 22

Anthony Burn (1854)

Answer 22

Born enslaved in Virginia. He escaped at 19 and went to Boston. He gets a job and makes connections. But his owner was seeking him out and the federal marshal arrested him. So anti-slavery abolitionists made flyers and said he was kidnapped.

-A court hearing was ruled but since he was a slave he had no say. But after 2 years the abolitionist saved money to buy him and free him!!

Question 23

Kansas- Nebraska Act (1854)

Answer 23

Establishes popular soverity. However, theres a race into Kansas (Pro-slavery & Anti-slavery people move there) The south is trying to prove there point although theres no need of a large slavery movement.

Question 24

Bleeding Kansas

Answer 24

Unofficial beginning of the Civil war engaging in violence. Forcing slavery down free soiler’s mouth (cartoon depictions). Very bad violence between the South & North.

Question 25

Sumner-Brooks Affair (1856)

Answer 25

Preston’s books (SC) and 5 of his friends attack Sumners (Massachusetts) with a wooden cane, and almost beats Sumners to death.

Both were viewed as heroes for there side (Pro salver vs Anti-slavery)

Question 26

Dred Scott Case (1857)

Answer 26

An enslaved man that lived in Missouri. His owners was a travel nurse for the military, in which he took Dred Scott with him through free states. So Dred scott filed a lawsuit arguing that because the owner took him to those free states, meas he should be free… (Supreme court Ruling)

-He loses but 2 things come out of it: Congress does not have a say in slavery in states and Black Americans are not citizens.

Question 27

John Brown, Harpes Ferry

Answer 27

John Brown and his sons organized a slave rebellion in Virginia to attack a Military base storehouse (aka. Gun house). The plan was to steal the guns and give all slave guns to fight back but someone snitched and was unsucessful… John brown and his sons were killed

Question 28

James Buchanan

Answer 28

President before Lincoln, he fails to act on these issues and supported the slave power.

Question 29

Election of 1860

Answer 29

-Lincolns first Inaugural was March 1861.
-He gets a small percentage of votes from the electoral college
-He will not interfere with slavery in the south, however he will not allow it to be spread to the west.
-With Lincoln election the south will have no more power anymore over the federal government –> South Oppresion

Question 30

Lincolns view on Slavery

Answer 30

He did not have anything to do with slavery. He tried to abide by the South so the whole nation could be united. But gradually it changed to Anti-slavery.

Question 31

Declaration of Secession

Answer 31

The legal documents of states leaving the union–> all about slavery

Question 32

Emancipation Proclamation (1863)

Answer 32

Lincolns signs it.
Offers freedom to slaves in the confederacy*
-There were some states that were slave states but did not join confederacy, does not apply to them.

Question 33

13th Amendment

Answer 33

Outlawed slavery

Question 34

14th Amendment

Answer 34

Former slaves are citizens (Former confederate leaders could not run for office)

Question 35

15th Amendment

Answer 35

Black men are allowed to vote

Question 36

Reconstruction Era (1865 to 1877)

Answer 36

Reintegrate the Southern states that had seceded back into the Union, address the social and economic rights of newly emancipated slaves, and establish a new political and social order in the South

-But with the sun there will be rain

Question 37

Freedmans Bureau

Answer 37

To provide food, shelter, clothing, medical services, and land to displaced Southerners, including newly freed African Americans.

-Even including newly built schools as well

Question 38

Ku Klux Klan

Answer 38

A vehicle for white southern resistance to the Republican Party’s Reconstruction-era policies aimed at establishing political and economic equality for Black Americans.

Question 39

Compromise of 1877

Answer 39

-A political agreement that effectively ended the disputed presidential election of 1876 between Republican candidate Rutherford B. Hayes and Democrat Samuel J. Tilden.

The main goals: Remove federal troops from the south, appoint a souther democrat to the cabinet, and Federal funding for Internal improvements to the south.

Question 40

Jim Crow Era

Answer 40

Racial segregation and discrimination were widespread, particularly in the Southern United States. The name “Jim Crow” comes from a minstrel show character popular in the 19th century, and it became a colloquial term for the racial segregation laws and practices that emerged during this time.

Question 41

Myth

Answer 41

a widely held but false belief or idea.

Question 42

Lost Cause

Answer 42

Confederate argument defending there point of view. Basically it the civil war was not about slavery… but was about the constitution and state rights.

Still supported slavery as a positive good

Question 43

United Daughters of the Confederacy (1894)

Answer 43

Raise money to put up monuments of confederate leaders because they meant white supremacy.

Question 44

Sons of the Confederate (1896)

Answer 44

They organized monuments as well to show there respect to confederate leaders.

They put pressure on school districts = to put more confederate stuff, that secession was right and not rebellious