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RE > Unit 7 - Judaism > Flashcards

Unit 7 - Judaism Flashcards

1
Q

El definition

A

Powerful and might God

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2
Q

Elohim definition

A

Plural of El, suggesting there are multiple parts to God

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3
Q

El Shaddai definition

A

God almighty

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4
Q

Hashem Tzevaot definition

A

Lord of Hosts

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5
Q

How Orthodox Jews view Torah

A

Torah is literal Word of God and must be followed strictly

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6
Q

How Reform Jews view the Torah

A

Should be interpreted in light of modern life and issues

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7
Q

Characteristics of the Almighty

A

One
Creator
Lawgiver
Judge

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8
Q

How One characteristic is show in faith

A

Shema states that:
-God is the only being to who Jews should offer praise and prayers
God is whole, complete and can’t be described so physical description like Deuteronomy 4:34 aren’t literal

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9
Q

Shema definition

A 
Most important prayer for Jews
Commanded to be prayed in Torah
Recited twice daily 
Consists of Deuteronomy 6:4-9, 11:13-21 and Numbers 15:37-41
Shows God’s one-ness
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10
Q

How Creator characteristic is shown in faith

A

Genesis 2:7 shows how God made man

Genesis 1 and 2 shows how God made the universe

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11
Q

How Lawgiver characteristic is shown in faith

A

Only God has power to rule and judge
Avinu Malkeinu states God as “our father, our king” like a lawgiver
God gave laws through the Torah as guidance to good lives after slavery

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12
Q

Isaiah 33:22

A

“For Hashem is our Judge; Hashem is our Lawgiver; Hashem is our King; He will save us”

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13
Q

Genesis 2:7

A

“And Hashem God formed the man of dust from the ground, and He blew into his nostrils the soil of life; and man became a living being”

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14
Q

How Judge characteristic is shown in faith

A

God judges both moral and ritual laws
Jewish people uphold His laws to keep the covenant
God’s justice is merciful

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15
Q

Importance of God’s characteristic for Jews today

A

Names brings Jews closer together to help understand Him
Daily Shema reinforces belief of God’s unity
Understanding His characteristics helps Jews act justly
Multiple names helps them to understand His complexity

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16
Q

Shekkinah definition

A

“settle or dwell”

refers to divine presence of God in the world

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17
Q

How Jews study and understand their faith and connect to Shekhinah

A

Through the Tenakh
Yeshiva
The Talmud
Rabbi teachings through the ages

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18
Q

Yeshiva definition

A

Jewish school of Talmudic study

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19
Q

Divergence beliefs in study

A

Orthodox yeshiva schools focus on Torah

Hassidic (most strict) Jews reject secular (non-religious) study and focus in textual learning

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20
Q

How Jews connect with Shekhinah

A

Study of Torah
Worship
Prayer

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21
Q

How Jews worship to connect to Shekhinah

A

Exodus 25:8 states they should build a tabernacle which keeps His presence with them

22
Q

How Jews pray to connect to Shekhinah

A

Certain prayers can only be done with Shekhinah like Kaddish and Barachu
Talmud Senhedrin 39a
God is present in response to prayer 2 Chronicles 6, 7:1

23
Q

Messiah definition

A

“anointed one”
the one who will be anointed as king of Israel in Messianic Age
Not found in Torah but mentioned frequently by Jewish prophets

24
Q

Characteristics of Messiah

A 
Political leader
Descendant of King David
Smart in Jewish law
Charismatic, inspiring leader
Great military leader
Righteous judge
Human being
25
Q

Messiahship in Scripture

A

Bring about redemption spiritually and politically
Establish a just worldwide government centre in Israel for everyone
Restore religious court systems and establish it as law of the land
Rebuild temple and re-establish worship there

26
Q

Orthodox beliefs of Messiah

A

Messiah has come and is ruling the world

27
Q

Reform beliefs of Messiah

A

Messianic age is better time of peace and harmony

28
Q

Other beliefs of Messiah

A

Possibility of Messiah in every generation

There is a set date for Messianic Age or it’ll come when most needed or deserved (Tikkun Olam)

29
Q

General Jewish belief of Messiah

A

Time of peace with no more hatred, intolerance or war
World will recognise only Jewish God as one true God and Judaism as only true religion
All Jewish people will return to Israel

30
Q

Jewish definition of covenant

A

Agreement between God and Jewish people
Formed in love and creates important relationship
Can only be created and sealed with oath

31
Q

Brit olam definition

A

everlasting covenant

32
Q

Mount Sinai beliefs

A

God made covenant with Jewish people but those who didn’t obey were punished
Moses was given Decalogue in stone, as well as 613 mitzvots
Also given Torah and Talmud
Every Jewish soul that would ever be born was at covenant

33
Q

Importance of Torah

A

Contains Law of covenant
Guide for Jewish living today
Bound to follow teachings due to covenant
Study of Torah forms significant part of Jewish education

34
Q

Importance of Abraham and his covenant

A

Founder of Judaism
Was first given the promised land
Role model for Jews as followed God’s orders to keep covenant

35
Q

How covenant affects Jews today

A

Obeying mitzvots helps fulfil Abrahamic covenant
Jewish men still circumcised as symbol of covenant
Birth of Isaac shows God’s power to Jews today

36
Q

Exodus 3:8

A

“A land flowing with milk and honey”

Describes promised land

37
Q

How promised land affects Jews today

A

Many Jewish laws only can be implemented there
Daily Sabbath prayers and festivals hope for return to it
Living outside of Israel is viewed as exile by some Jews

38
Q

Why life is holy

A

Jews are made in image of God
Comes from God so is holy
Gift from God Son needs to be protected

39
Q

Pikuach Nefesh definition

A

Preservation of life over any other religious law

40
Q

Why Jews follow Pikuach Nefesh

A

Teaching found in Torah and Talmud and are obliged to follow it
Preserves life as gift from God
Important guide to daily life

41
Q

Examples of Pikuach Nefesh

A

Abortion - only and mandatory when mother’s life is at risk
Euthanasia - most disagree but understand when people commit suicide
Organ donation - allowed to save a life but only if doesn’t speed up death of donor

42
Q

Importance of moral principles / mitzvots

A

Commands from God (found in Torah)
Form part of Abrahamic covenant
Believed that they are judged when they die based on how they followed Mitzvots
aids relationships with God and other people

43
Q

Relevance of mitzvots

A

From God so always relevant
Some are outdated and should be seen in light of culture
Basis of Sinai covenant and Jewish faith
Following mitzvots may bring Messiah sooner (Tikkun Olam)
Some Jews use free will to choose what they wish to follow

44
Q

gemilut hasadim definition

A 
Acts of loving kindness 
Includes:
Visiting the sick
Feeding the hungry 
Comforting mourners
Helping the poor
45
Q

Jewish afterlife names

A

Gan Eden (“eternal heaven”)
Gehinnom (“temporary hell / purgatory”)
Sheol (common grave for all)
Olam Ha-Ba (The World to Come)

46
Q

Ecclesiastes 12:7

A

“Thus the dust returns to the ground, as it was, and the Spirit returns to God Who gave it”

The soul goes to the afterlife or becomes part of Him

47
Q

Why are there little teachings about life after death?

A

Focuses on life here and now so little reference in Scripture
Most teachings formed by Rabbis and prophets over time

48
Q

Jewish beliefs of life after death

A

Soul is judged by God after death
Gan Eden is eternal while Gehinnom is temporary
Nearly all Jews believe in resurrection of the dead at the end of the world
Olam Ha-Ba comes when Messiah comes

49
Q

Divergent beliefs on life after death

A

May be judged on solely on belief or may also include action
May occur when messiah comes, or may just occur without Messiah

50
Q

Importance of life after death

A

Jews aim to follow mitzvots to be judged fairly after death

Gives meaning and purpose to life of Jews

RE (16 decks)

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