Unit 7: Hormonal Control and Homeostasis

Question 1

What is homeostasis?

Answer 1

Keeps internal conditions stable for enzyme action and cell function

Examples include body temperature (37°C), blood glucose, and water levels.

Question 2

What are the components of homeostasis?

Answer 2

• Receptor
• Coordination center
• Effector

Receptors detect changes, the coordination center processes information, and effectors (muscles or glands) bring about a response.

Question 3

What role does insulin play in the body?

Answer 3

Lowers blood glucose by promoting glucose storage as glycogen in the liver

Insulin is released by the pancreas.

Question 4

What is the function of glucagon?

Answer 4

Raises blood glucose by converting stored glycogen into glucose

Glucagon is also produced by the pancreas.

Question 5

What effects does adrenaline have on the body?

Answer 5

• Increases heart rate
• Dilates airways
• Releases glucose for energy

Adrenaline is released by the adrenal glands.

Question 6

What is negative feedback?

Answer 6

Balances conditions

An example is blood glucose regulation, where insulin and glucagon work in opposite ways.

Question 7

What is the role of FSH in the menstrual cycle?

Answer 7

Stimulates egg maturation

FSH stands for follicle-stimulating hormone.

Question 8

What triggers ovulation in the menstrual cycle?

Answer 8

LH (luteinizing hormone)

LH is responsible for triggering egg release.

Question 9

What hormones regulate the uterine lining during the menstrual cycle?

Answer 9

• Oestrogen
• Progesterone

These hormones play a crucial role in preparing the uterus for potential pregnancy.

Question 10

Fill in the blank: Contraceptive pills often contain _______ and/or progesterone to prevent ovulation.

Answer 10

oestrogen

Oestrogen is one of the key hormones used in contraceptive methods.