Unit 7- Electronic Structure Flashcards

1
Q

waves

A

periodic disturbances- they repeat at regular intervals of time and distance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

wavelength

A

distance between peaks
- units: m

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

frequency

A

of waves that pass a fixed point each sec
- s^-1 or Hz

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

speed of light (C)

A

3.00 x 10^8 m/s
* C = wavelength x frequency

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

nm to m conversion

A

1 nm = 10^-9 m

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

quantum

A

smallest unit of energy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

energy equation

A

E = hv or E= hc / wavelength
h= 6.626 x 10^-34
c= speed of light

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

photoelectric effect

A

the process in which e- are ejected from a metal when it is exposed to light

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

spectrum

A

a graph of light intensity as a function of wavelength or frequency

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

continuum or continuous spectrum

A
  • emitted by solids
  • full rainbow spectrum
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

line spectrum

A
  • emitted by gaseous atoms
  • contains light only at specific wavelengths and not others (black with stripes)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

wavelength equation

A

wavelength = h/p or h/mv

h = 6.626 x 10^-34
p = momentum
m = mass
v = velocity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

wave function

A

give the amplitude of the e- wave at any point in space
wave fxn^2 = probability of finding the e- at any point in space

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

quantum #s

A
  • n, l, m(sub l)
  • describe the distribution of the e- in #D space
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

atomic orbital

A

a wave fxn of the e- for specific values of n, l, m (sub l)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Principle Quantum #, n

A

ENERGY and DISTANCE of the e- from the nucleus

17
Q

principle shell (shell)

A

all atomic orbitals that have the same value of n
n = shell

18
Q

Angular momentum quantum #, l

A

SHAPE of the orbital
- cannot equal or exceed the value of n

19
Q

subshell

A

all possible orbits that have the same values of both n and l

20
Q

value of l and its letter

A

0 = s
1 = p
2 = d
3 = f
4 = g
5 = h

21
Q

m(vl)

A

ORIENTATION of the atomic orbital
-l to l, including 0

22
Q

orbital

A

wave function described by all 3 quantum #s (n, l, m(vl))

23
Q

e- spin quantum #, m(vs)

A

reps 1 of the 2 allowed spin values: +1/2 and -1/2

24
Q

orbital shapes

A

s: circular
p: oval (2)
d: oval (4)

25
Q

“degenerate”

A

s, p, d, and f orbitals in any principal shell have the same energies

26
Q

e- shielding (screening)

A

result of the influence of e- on the effective nuclear charge

27
Q

the effective nuclear charge (Z effect)

A

a weighted avg of the nuclear charge that affects an e- in the atom

28
Q

Pauli Exclusion Principle

A

no 2 e- in the same atom can have the same set of 4 quantum #s
- each orbital hold a max of 2 e-

29
Q

Aufbau principle

A

e- are assigned quantum #s of the LOWEST ENERGY orbital that is available

30
Q

ground state

A

atom in its lowest energy state

31
Q

e- configuration

A

lists occupied subshells (1s, 2p, etc) followed by a superscript giving # of e-

s=2e-
p=6e-
d=10e-
f=14e-

32
Q

orbital diagrams

A

box for orbital with arrow indicting direct of spin

33
Q

Hund’s Rule

A

1e- occupies each degenerate orbital with the same spin before a second e- is placed in an orbital

34
Q

abbrev e- config

A

using noble gases to rep core e-