Unit 7- Electronic Structure

Question 1

waves

Answer 1

periodic disturbances- they repeat at regular intervals of time and distance

Question 2

wavelength

Answer 2

distance between peaks
- units: m

Question 3

frequency

Answer 3

of waves that pass a fixed point each sec
- s^-1 or Hz

Question 4

speed of light (C)

Answer 4

3.00 x 10^8 m/s
* C = wavelength x frequency

Question 5

nm to m conversion

Answer 5

1 nm = 10^-9 m

Question 6

quantum

Answer 6

smallest unit of energy

Question 7

energy equation

Answer 7

E = hv or E= hc / wavelength
h= 6.626 x 10^-34
c= speed of light

Question 8

photoelectric effect

Answer 8

the process in which e- are ejected from a metal when it is exposed to light

Question 9

spectrum

Answer 9

a graph of light intensity as a function of wavelength or frequency

Question 10

continuum or continuous spectrum

Answer 10

• emitted by solids
• full rainbow spectrum

Question 11

line spectrum

Answer 11

• emitted by gaseous atoms
• contains light only at specific wavelengths and not others (black with stripes)

Question 12

wavelength equation

Answer 12

wavelength = h/p or h/mv

h = 6.626 x 10^-34
p = momentum
m = mass
v = velocity

Question 13

wave function

Answer 13

give the amplitude of the e- wave at any point in space
wave fxn^2 = probability of finding the e- at any point in space

Question 14

quantum #s

Answer 14

• n, l, m(sub l)
• describe the distribution of the e- in #D space

Question 15

atomic orbital

Answer 15

a wave fxn of the e- for specific values of n, l, m (sub l)

Question 16

Principle Quantum #, n

Answer 16

ENERGY and DISTANCE of the e- from the nucleus

Question 17

principle shell (shell)

Answer 17

all atomic orbitals that have the same value of n
n = shell

Question 18

Angular momentum quantum #, l

Answer 18

SHAPE of the orbital
- cannot equal or exceed the value of n

Question 19

subshell

Answer 19

all possible orbits that have the same values of both n and l

Question 20

value of l and its letter

Answer 20

0 = s
1 = p
2 = d
3 = f
4 = g
5 = h

Question 21

m(vl)

Answer 21

ORIENTATION of the atomic orbital
-l to l, including 0

Question 22

orbital

Answer 22

wave function described by all 3 quantum #s (n, l, m(vl))

Question 23

e- spin quantum #, m(vs)

Answer 23

reps 1 of the 2 allowed spin values: +1/2 and -1/2

Question 24

orbital shapes

Answer 24

s: circular
p: oval (2)
d: oval (4)

Question 25

"degenerate"

Answer 25

s, p, d, and f orbitals in any principal shell have the same energies

Question 26

e- shielding (screening)

Answer 26

result of the influence of e- on the effective nuclear charge

Question 27

the effective nuclear charge (Z effect)

Answer 27

a weighted avg of the nuclear charge that affects an e- in the atom

Question 28

Pauli Exclusion Principle

Answer 28

no 2 e- in the same atom can have the same set of 4 quantum #s - each orbital hold a max of 2 e-

Question 29

Aufbau principle

Answer 29

e- are assigned quantum #s of the LOWEST ENERGY orbital that is available

Question 30

ground state

Answer 30

atom in its lowest energy state

Question 31

e- configuration

Answer 31

lists occupied subshells (1s, 2p, etc) followed by a superscript giving # of e- s=2e- p=6e- d=10e- f=14e-

Question 32

orbital diagrams

Answer 32

box for orbital with arrow indicting direct of spin

Question 33

Hund's Rule

Answer 33

1e- occupies each degenerate orbital with the same spin before a second e- is placed in an orbital

Question 34

abbrev e- config

Answer 34

using noble gases to rep core e-