Unit 7 - Bacteria, Virus' & Immune System Flashcards
What are the four forms of viral genomes?
double-stranded DNA, single-stranded DNA, double-stranded RNA, and single-stranded RNA
What is a capsid?
The protein shell that encloses the genetic material for a virus.
What is the function of a capsid?
1) Protects the virus 2) Contains special sites on the surface which allow it to bind to cells 3) Allows penetration of host cell
What does a bacteriophage do?
It is a virus that specifically attacks bacteria
How does a host cell relate to viruses?
A virus will attach to a host cell, tricking its way into entry and then uses its systems to mass produce copies of itself
What is range in terms of biology?
Geographical area within which that species can be found. Within that range, dispersion is variation in local density.
What does lytic mean?
Causes lysis, which is the destruction of a cell by rupture
Name two cycles in biology
Cell cycles, circadian rhythms
What does lysogenic mean?
It is a type of cycle, meant for viral reproduction
What cells does HIV attack?
Helper T Cells
How do transposons help viruses?
It helps with genetic diversity and fast mutations, also quick adaptation
Name two differences between animal and plant cells
Animal have no cell wall and plant cell has one big vacuole
What does the Humoral Response do?
Provides antibodies to fight pathogens
Amino Acid is to Protein as Nucleotide is to
Nucleic Acid
What are the 3 things an antibody can do
Opsonization, neutralization, and complimentary action
