Unit 7 Flashcards
first phase (Initiation Phase) consists of three key elements:
problem definition, resource allocation, and risk assessment
Resources are commonly thought of in terms of
time and capital
In which element of the project initiation phase is the scope of a project determined?
Problem definition
Resource allocation
Risk assessment
Problem definition
In which element of the project initiation phase does the team determine the time and capital needed for the project?
Problem definition
Resource allocation
Risk assessment
Resource allocation
In which element of the project initiation phase does the team determine any challenges the project might encounter?
Problem definition
Resource allocation
Risk assessment
Risk assessment
Project managers use Program Evaluation and Review (PERT) and GANTT charts to
determine objectives & activities.
organize activities.
estimate time for each activity.
estimate time for each activity.
Determining the objectives and activities is after which project phase?
Initiation
Executing
Closing
Initiation
indicate differences between planned resources (what has been allocated for each activity or task) and actual resources (what has been used thus far in the project)
Variance Reports
indicate the state of the project.
Status Reports
indicate how time and capital have been used thus far for the project.
Resource Allocation Reports
The project manager uses the information from initiation and planning to ensure the project stays on track in terms of time, capital, and scope in which project phase?
Monitoring & Controlling
Closing
Monitoring & Controlling
The monitoring & controlling phase is before which project phase?
Initiation
Planning
Closing
closing
How does scope creep impact project risk?
Impacting the allocation of resources
Reducing costs
Estimating time
Impacting the allocation of resources
Which of the following will put the project at risk?
Skill set
Estimating time
Unnecessary requirements
Unnecessary requirements
___ add(s) additional features to the scope of the project and impact(s) allocation of resources.
Scope creep
Many aspects of the PPACA project management rollout can be seen as a contributor to its initial failure. With respect to executing , monitoring & controlling the project, which processes should have been used to track the progress of the project and mitigate any foreseen risks?
creation and monitoring of variance, status, and resource reports
surveying contractors for how satisfied they were with their work
Determining the possible risks to the project by e-mailing superiors regularly
allocating additional funds for the project when necessary
creation and monitoring of variance, status, and resource reports
An undertaking with a start and end, specified goals, and tasks to reach those goals is the definition of the
project.
manager.
phase.
organization.
Project
Problem definition, resource allocation, and risk assessment are 3 key elements of which project phase?
Planning
Closing
Initiation
Executing
Initiation
Which project phase consists of determining the objectives and activities, organizing the activities, and estimating the time and costs?
Planning
Executing
Initiation
Closing
Planning
Project managers use variance reports, status reports, and resource allocation reports in which project phase?
Initiation
Planning
Monitoring & Controlling
Closing
Monitoring & Controlling
The team will write a final report detailing the processes and outcomes of the project in which project phase?
Initiation
Planning
Managing & Controlling
Closing
Closing
Which project phase defines the problem or opportunity that the project is expected to address?
Initiation
Planning
Monitoring & Controlling
Closing
Initiation
Which project phase determines what resources are available to meet the project needs?
Initiation
Planning
Executing
Closing
Initiation
Which project phase assesses the risks and benefits of a project?
Initiation
Planning
Monitoring & Controlling
Closing
Initiation
Determining the project scope or the work that needs to be completed is in what project phase?
Initiation
Planning
Executing
Closing
Initiation
Scope creep can impact the allocation of which of the following resources?
Time only
Capital only
Time and capital
The number of staff only
Time and capital
The scope of the project is
determined in the closing phase.
always accurately identified in the initiation phase.
the work that needs to be done.
not at any risk.
the work that needs to be done.
(SDLC) ___is when programmers write the code for the software.
Implementation
(SDLC)User needs are identified during
analysis
What is the correct order of steps in the System Development Life Cycle?
Preliminary investigation, analysis, logical & physical design, implementation, maintenance
Implementation, logical & physical design, maintenance
Logical & physical design, preliminary investigation, analysis
Maintenance, logical & physical design, implementation
Preliminary investigation, analysis, logical & physical design, implementation, maintenance
Which step occurs after the analysis step and before the physical design step in the SDLC?
Preliminary investigation
Logical design
Implementation
Maintenance
Logical design
Which step involves the development of software while converting the models in the SDLC?
Implementation
Preliminary investigation
Logical design
Physical design
Implementation
System requirements including user needs, security, and accessibility are first considered during which step in the SDLC?
Preliminary investigation
Analysis
Analysis
Ensuring that the system is accessible to all users including those with physical challenges is which system requirement?
User needs
Security
Accessibility
Accessibility
Preventing buffer overflow is an example of which system requirement?
User needs
Security
Accessibility
Security
Creating a model of the database design
Logical modeling
Physical modeling
Physical modeling
Modeling the hardware for the system
Logical modeling
Physical modeling
Physical modeling
Using diagrams to describe to the end-users how the system will work
Logical modeling
Physical modeling
Logical modeling
Modifying the model design while still in the diagram phase to better fit the end-users’ needs
Logical modeling
Physical modeling
Logical modeling
Which of the following best describes the importance of logic modeling and physical modeling in the SDLC?
Physical modeling provides end-users with diagrams of how the system will work so the developer can ensure it will meet their needs.
Logic modeling demonstrates to end-users how the system will work and on which devices it will run.
Physical modeling provides designers with the opportunity to alter the system design prior to implementation, which is more cost effective.
Logic modeling enables designers to determine if they have accurately identified all of the hardware requirements for a successful implementation.
Physical modeling provides designers with the opportunity to alter the system design prior to implementation, which is more cost effective.
Which step develops models of how the system will be physically laid out after charts and diagrams have been created and reviewed by the users?
Logical modeling
Physical modeling
Implementation
Physical modeling
Which step models servers, desktops, laptops, mobile devices, and networks for implementation?
Logical modeling
Physical modeling
Implementation
Physical modeling
Examples of logical modeling include which of the following?
Diagrams
Servers
Devices
Networks
Diagrams
___ testing is employed to assess whether the system does what the user expects and to ensure that it functions in a way that is useful to the user.
User Acceptance
____system developers often assist end users as they interact with the new system. It is common for simulated data to be used to prevent any damage to a user’s actual data.
Alpha Testing
___tests are performed by the end user without any assistance from the system developers. Uses actual (i.e., live) data in the real working environment.
Beta Testing
During the implementation stage, which testing method uses simulated data and is assisted by system developers?
Alpha
Beta
User Acceptance
Alpha
During implementation, which testing method uses actual data without the assistance from developers?
Alpha
Beta
User Acceptance
Beta
Alpha, beta, and user acceptance testing occurs during which step?
Analysis
Implementation
Modeling
Implementation
The old system is “turned off” and the new system is “turned on” at a specific date and time. After the conversion, the old system is no longer available to end users.
Direct Conversion
There is a period of time in which both systems (the old and the new) are operating concurrently. This is done so that the output of the new system can be compared with the output of the old system. Once it is confirmed that everything is working as expected, the old system is shut down and the new system continues to operate.
Parallel Conversion
This involves starting the conversion with a portion of the end users, for instance in a specific geographic region or a department in an organization. The team can roll this out using either the direct approach, or the parallel approach. Once the pilot program is confirmed to be operating according to plan, the system is deployed on a larger scale.
Pilot Conversion
The team deploys a subset of the system first, rather than deploying the whole system at once. The old system continues to offer some functionality until all subsets of the new system have been turned on and the new system is confirmed to be working effectively.
Phased Conversion
What occurs during system deployment?
System conversion
Implementation
Modeling
System conversion
System conversion, final documentation, and end-user training occurs during deployment.
Which conversion turns the old system off and the new system on at a specific date and time?
Direct
Parallel
Pilot
Phased
Direct
Which conversion deploys only a subset of the new system first before deploying the whole new system at once?
Direct
Parallel
Pilot
Phased
Phased
