UNIT 7 Flashcards
fat soluble vitamins
- dissolve in fats and require BILE for absorption
b-carotene (vA)
precursor to vitamin A –> converted into active vitamin A in the body
keratin (VA)
protein found in hair and nails
keratinization
keratin clouds cornea from lack of VA
xerosis
drying of cornea
xerophthalmia
thickening of the cornea and permanent blindness
macular degeneration
- lack of b-carotene
- part of retina, the macula, loses integrity and causes impairment of central focus
keratin lumps (VA)
cell do not mature, instead they die off and secrete keratin
vitamin D
- cholecalciferol
- maintains bone integrity
Erythrocyte hemolysis
- infants red blood cells rupture
- vitamin e
- premature infants
Vitamin K
- help synthesize proteins that help CLOT THE BLOOD
- bone proteins
biliruben
- vitamin K toxicity
- breakage of red blood cells and release of their pigment
- liver releases this into blood causing jaundice
Scurvy
- vitamin C deficiency
coenzymes
- small molecules that combine with enzymes to activate the enzyme
- B vitamins
beri beri
- thiamin deficiency
- loss of sensation in the hands and feet, muscular weakness, advancing to paralysis and abnormal heart action
Vernicke-korsakoff
- alcohol abusers
- impairs absorption of thiamin from the digestive tract
- speeds up its excretion in the urine
Ariboflavinosis
- riboflavin deficiency
- cracks and redness at the corners of the mouth
tryptophan
- niacin
- amino acid found in almost all proteins can be converted to niacin in the body
Pellagra and 4Ds
- deficiency in niacin
- diarrhea
- dermatitis
- dementia
- death
niacin flush
- toxicity in niacin
- dilation of capillaries of the skin
hives
- toxicity in niacin
- impaired glucose tolerance
- blurred vision
hyperhomocysteinemia
inherited disorder that raises the level of homocysteine in blood
- early form of CVD
