Unit 7 Flashcards
- What are some examples of possible ethical dilemmas?
A patient who no longer wants to receive life saving treatment.
- What is the purpose of the IDEA Ethical Decision-Making Framework?
to provide a step-by-step, fair process to help guide healthcare providers and administrators in working through ethical issues encountered in the delivery of healthcare.
- Explain the 4 steps of IDEA -
What are the five conditions?
The four steps are:
Identify the facts.
Determine the relevant ethical principles.
Explore the options.
Act.
The five conditions are:
Empowerment: There should be efforts to minimize power differences in the decision making and encourage participation by all involved.
Publicity: The framework (process), decisions, and their rationales should be transparent.
Relevance: Decisions should be made on the basis of reasons (i.e., evidence, principles, arguments) that “fair-minded” people can agree are relevant.
Revisions and appeals: There should be opportunities to revisit, revise, or appeal decisions in light of further evidence.
Compliance (enforcement): There should be either voluntary or public regulation of the process
- Explain the YODA Ethical Decision-Making Framework
a healthcare framework that can help health professionals work through ethical dilemmas. This framework emphasizes the importance of all health employees acting in ethical ways and encourages robust self-reflection and examination as one moves through the ethical decision-making process.
This framework also includes four main steps: You, Observe, Deliberate, and Act
- What was so significant about each of these cases?
a. Karen Quinlan -
b. Nancy Cruzan -
c. Janet Adkins -
d. Brittany Maynard -
e. Cassandra Callender -
a. her parents wanted to take her off of life-support, but medical team did not
b. her parents wanted to remove her feeding tube, but medical team did not.
c. she had Alzheimer’s and asked Dr. Kevorkian to assist her to die
d. she had stage 4 brain cancer and moved to Oregon for the right to die
e. 17 year old who wanted to try natural methods to treat cancer, but was forced to do chemo by courts.
- What is the difference between bioethics and professional ethics?
Bioethics essentially refers to the ethics of life but has come to focus on life science ethics, including research and innovation
Professional ethics in healthcare refers to the personal and disciplinary-specific ethical codes that professionals follow, such as professional medical ethics, nursing ethics, healthcare organizational codes of ethics, and so on.
____ is considered to be a beginning level of the awareness of differences or “otherness” between people.
Cultural awareness
____includes responses and expectations that respect common traits of a particular culture without mentally assigning values of “good” or “bad” and actions that are taken to not offend people of a particular cultural group—for instance, not making eye contact or touching a client of a particular culture without permission.
Cultural sensitivity
____is the ability to provide care that reflects sound knowledge and understanding of a person’s culture, while also respecting and honoring the uniqueness of the individual.
Culturally competent care goes beyond making concessions for cultural practices and beliefs.
is a process that incorporates the best of cultural awareness, sensitivity, and competence but goes further by urging health providers to go deeper, be more reflective, and be open to developing continuously over the long term.
Cultural Humility
- What are the 5 R’s of Cultural Humility?
Reflection– approach every encounter with humility and understanding that there is always something to learn from everyone.
Respect– treat every person with the utmost respect and strive to preserve dignity at all times.
Regard– hold every person in their highest regard while being aware of and not allowing unconscious biases to interfere in any interactions.
Relevance– expect cultural humility to be relevant to the patient and apply this practice to every encounter.
Resiliency– embody the practice of cultural humility to enhance personal resilience and globally focused compassion.
