Unit 6 War

Question 1

Lexington and Concord

Answer 1

First Battle of the American Revolution. Known as the Shot heard ‘round the world.”
Eight Patriots died and 10 wounded

Question 2

Second Continental Congress

Answer 2

May 1775 the same 56 from the first meeting met again in Philadelphia

They agreed on three main points of action :

1. Create a Continetal Army
2. Appoint George Washing ton as commanding general of the Continetal army
3. Send the Olive Branch petition of peace to the king

Question 3

George Washington

Answer 3

Named Commanding General of the Continetal Army
Excellent leader. He kept the army together and united. He listened to other people’s opinions.
He trained the army to use guerilla warfare against the British and avoided any situation that threatened destruction of the army

Question 4

Patriots vs Loyalists

Answer 4

Patriots- Colonists who violently rebelled against British control and wanted to make America an independent nation

Loyalists- colonists who remained loyal to the British empire; also called Tories

In 1775, America was divided into three groups- 40% Patriots, 40% Neutrals (did not choose a side) , and 20% Loyalists

Question 5

British Advantages

Answer 5

Best army and navy in the world
Well trained troops
Well Supplied
More military expirience

Question 6

American Advantages

Answer 6

Better leadership
Knowledge of the land
Motivation- Independence
Foreign aid

Question 7

Common Sense

Answer 7

• Written by Thomas Paine in 1775, this pamphlet tried to inspire people to become Patriots and to fight for independence from Great Britian
• In clear and simple language it explained the need for immediate independence

Question 8

Declaration of Independence

Answer 8

Author was Thomas Jefferson
On July 4th 1776 Congress adopted this document that proclaimed independence from Great Britain
Three main ideas came from the British philosopher John Locke

People have unalienable (natural) rights that the goverment cannot take away- life ,liberty, and property(the pursuit of happiness)

Any good government has a social contract with the people to protect these unalienable rights.

If a government does not protect these rights the people can overthrow the government and form a new one that will protect their rights.

Question 9

John Locke

Answer 9

English philosopher lived in the 1600s
He believed in the natural rights of man, including the protection of individual rights such as life, liberty and property.
He believed that if a government did not protect the people’s rights, then the people have a right to revolt and form a new government
His works inspired Thomas Jefferson who was the main author of the Declaration of independence

Question 10

Winter at Valley Forge

Answer 10

The Continental Army spent the winter of 1777-78 camped at Valley Forge, Pa

Soldiers lived in miserable conditions due to freezing cold and snow: lack of food, clothing and supplies: diesease. Thousands deserted (quit and went home), and thousands more died from smallpox.

George Washington’s leadership kept the army together. He also used this time to better train the army.

Question 11

Marquis de Lafayette

Answer 11

20 year old, wealthy French officer who was inspired by the Patriot cause.
He volunteered for the Continental Army and later became a general.
He requested no pay and would give 200,000 of his own money to support the army.
He would become close friends with Washington who thought of him like a son
Led the final battle of Yorktown

Question 12

John Paul Jones

Answer 12

John Paul Jones won a famous sea battle against a powerful British ship. When asked to surrender he famously responded, “I have not yet begun to fight!”
He was known as “The Father of U.S Navy”

Question 13

James Armistead

Answer 13

African-American slave
He became a Patriot spy who infiltrated the British camp
and passed on numerous British war secrets which greatly helped the American cause.

Question 14

Bernando de Galvez

Answer 14

He bought weapons,gunpowder,clothing and many other vital supplies for the Continetal Army.
During the war he helped defend the southern states from the British

Question 15

Mercy Otis Warren

Answer 15

She was a Patriot from Massachusetts
Wrote and authored plays,poems,and essays supporting the idea of independence and encouraging colonists to resist the British.
Her writings convinced may to become Patriots

Question 16

Abigail Adams

Answer 16

She wrote important letters to her husband that became an important source of information about the American Revolution.

In her most famous letter, she asked him to “Remember the ladies” when delegates were forming America’s new government.

Question 17

Wentworth Cheswell

Answer 17

Free African- American Patriot leader that lived in New Hampshire

He was the a messanger and soldier for the Continential Army

Question 18

Haym Solomon

Answer 18

E was a Jewish immigrant who helped to finance the Revolution with his own money.
He was a Patriot who joined the Sons of Liberty in New York

Question 19

Battle of Yorktown

Answer 19

in 1781 the French help support the Continental Army in surrounding the British and General Conwallis at at Yorktown ,Virginia, and forcing them to surrender .

This American Victory was the last major battle of the American Revolution.

Question 20

Treaty of Paris 1783

Answer 20

America wins!
This peace treaty offcially ended the American Revolution.

U.S is an independent country

Set boundries-
Mississippi River (West) Canada
North (Spanish
Florida (South)

All sides would repay debts