unit 6 test Flashcards
1
Q
communism
A
- no competition, privatization, or private enterprize
- stuff like free healthcare is available
- like not much individual expression since there’s no competition
- often leads to dictatorships
1
Q
What were some aspects of the Red Scare of the 50s?
A
- nuclear proliferation
- constant hesitation to use nukes
- mutually assured destruction
2
Q
Joseph McCarthy
A
- Republican Senator from Wisconsin (1947-1957)
- McCarthy’s “List”: hypothetical list of suspected communists
- he had loyalty hearings, in which courtroom interrogations were held to determine someone’s loyalty to the U.S. and if they were a communist and he made it into a spectacle
- he was the product of anti-communist policies, not necessary the most influential leader
- people got tired of his antics and he faded into obscurity
3
Q
What is the timeline of the Korean War?
A
- June 1950: North Korea invaded South Korea to reunify Korea
- response: US, UN, and South Korea were able to fight back and it worked
- BUT US policy shifted and now they wanted to take over Korea
- November 1950: China got invoved due to Yalu River stuff
4
Q
What is the significance of the Korean War?
A
- it set a precedent
- declarations of war by Congress represented what the PEOPLE wanted & now president doesn’t need ot listen to what people want in terms of entering foreign conflicts
5
Q
What did Eisenhower want to increase/decrease in his presidency?
A
INCREASE OF:
* beneficial alliances
* covert operations
* nuclear weaponry
DECREASE OF:
* military deployment (since the Korean War was useless)
6
Q
What is the timeline of the Bay of Pigs?
A
- anti-Fidel Castro Cuban exiles were trained in guerilla warfare
- it first went wrong on April 15, 1961, where American support for invasion was revealed
- April 17: Cuban exile force landed at Bay of Pigs and were cooked
- at the end, some exiles escaped to sea and the rest were either killed or imprisoned by Castro’s forces
- it was to overthrow communist Cuban leader Fidel Castro
7
Q
What is the timeline of the Cuban Missile Crisis?
A
- 13 days long
- Cuba asked USSR for help and USSR gave Cuba weappos
- US does a naval blockade
- a plane is shor down
- US sends a signal to tell them to come up but Soviets thought war had started
- three officers had to agree to use the atomic bomb
- 2 said yes but Vasili Arkhipov said no
- US got to DEFCON 2
- RFK and Anatoly Dobrynin started meeting n secret to figure out what to do and they did figure out a plan
- US agreed to move its nukes from Italy & Türkiye and USSR agreed to move its nukes from Cuba
8
Q
What is the timeline for what happened before the Vietnam War?
A
- 1945: Ho Chi Minh declared independence
- 1946: Indochina War began; US sent aid to the French
- 1950-1953: Korean War
- 1954: French were defeated; Indochina War ended
- Geneva Accords split Vietnam in two, with Eisenhower citing the “Domino Theory”
9
Q
A
- Eisenhower was scared of resource loss and spread of communism
- nearby capitalist countries were forced to continue trading with communist countries, which then supported communist economy
10
Q
What is the timeline of US involvement in Vietnam under JFK?
A
- May 1959: North Vietnam forces build supply route called the Ho Chi Minh Trail through Laos and Cambodia, causing those countries to be heavily bombed by the US
- July 1959: US soldiers that had remained in South Vietnam, near Saigon, were the first US soldiers killed by Communist guerrilla fighters
- December 1960: The Commmunist party National Liberation Front (NLF) formed in South Vietnam
- LOTS of South Vietnamese didn’t want to be under US control or by the US puppet state of South Vietnam
- they had the support of North Vietnam, goals centered around overthrowing the government, and the US military labeled the military branch the “Viet Cong” (South Vietnamese communist men)
- May 1961: JFK authorized the beginning of covert operations against the Viet Cong
- November 22, 1963: JFK was assassinated and LBJ became president on an airplane
11
Q
What is the timeline of US involvement in Vietnam under LBJ?
A
- by 1964, North Vietnamese forces had moved south of the 17th parallel
- August 2-4, 1964: two American ships in the Gulf of Tonkin were “attacked by North Vietnam” (they gaslit themselves into believing they were attacked)
- White House issued warnings for any nonprovoked attacks
- this all led to the passage of the Gulf of Tonkin Resolution, which gave the president the power to use “whatever means necessary” to attain peace and security in Southeast Asia
- US braced for second attack
- LBJ ordered bombing missions of North Vietnam in February of 1965, known as “Operation Rolling Thunder,” that lasted until spring of 1967
12
Q
The Tet Offensive
A
- North Vietnam launched a large-scale wave of attacks that began on January 31, 1968 to try and force the US into negotiations
- LBJ, though feeling like the Tet Offensive did not “win” miltarily, hinted at negotiations
13
Q
What were some forms of protest used during the Vietnam War?
A
- marches
- strikes
- speeches
- boycotts
- burning of draft cards
- writing
- ralliess
- petitions
- teach-ins
- music
- art
14
Q
some things to remember from 6.4
A
- Black men wre drafted disproportionately to their White counterparts
- fighting for liberty while being denied their own
- “What is the point of this war?”
- money is going to military when it could be going to civil rights
