unit 6 (study guide flashcards)
ancient and classical Greece
Fortified hilltop with significant military, political and religious uses–
acropolis
Temple in Athens dedicated to the goddess Athena
Parthenon
Government where citizens have duties and a say
democracy
Sacred shrine where the future was revealed
oracle
Government where a few wealthy individuals held the power
oligarchy
Writing system adopted by the Greeks during the 700s BCE
Phoenician alphabet
People captured in war and enslaved by the Spartans
helots
Mix of Egyptian, Persian, Indian, and Greek cultures
Hellenestic culture
A greek city state was called–
polis
A powerful person who gains control of a government through the support of the common people
tyrant
Leader from Macedonia creates a Hellenistic Empire from Greece to Egypt, Persia and to the Indus River
Alexander the Great
Estimated the value of pi and how to find the volume of objects
Archimedes
Leader of Athens during the Golden Age
Pericles
Poet who wrote the Iliad and the Odyssey.
Homer
Playwright who wrote Antigone
Sophocles
Wrote The Republic about the ideal government.
Plato
Studied History and is the source of much of ancient western history.
Herodotus
Studied biology and philosophy and tutored Alexander the Great
Aristotle
Studied in the field of medicine and created an oath
Hippocrates
Created the socratic method, a style of learning through questions
Socrates
Proved that the sides of a right triangle = square of the hypotenuse
Pythagoras
What was the cause of the Persian War?
Greeks expanded west while the Persian Empire expanded east. Persia conquering Greek cities, Athens aids the Greeks in Anatolia.
What was the name of the league created by the Greeks to fight against the Persians?
Delian League.
What was the effect of the Persian War?
Greeks won control over the Aegean Sea, led to the Golden Age of Athens
What was the cause of the Peloponnesian War?
Sparta created the Peloponnesian League against the Delian League
What was the effect of the Peloponnesian War?
Sparta wins (barely), ends the Athenian Golden Age, Greece becomes weak and vulnerable to attack.
What was the name of the league created by Athens?
Delian League
What was the name of the league created by Sparta?
Peloponnesian League
