Unit 6 Review Flashcards
Suburbanization
Suburbanization is the shift from people in central urban areas to the surrounding suburbs of a city.
Urbanization
The shift of people from less populated rural areas to highly populated cities. Described by the gravity model.
Urban area
A city and it’s surrounding suburbs.
Metropolitan area
A city and the surrounding areas that are affected culturally and economically by the city.
Edge Cities
A community at the edge of a city that has it’s own office spaces, rental areas, etc.
Urban Sprawl
A product of suburbanization in which a city will expand geographically to accommodate for an expanding population. Limited by smart-growth policies, which seek vertical growth rather than planar.
Boomburb
A suburban area that has rapidly expanded to have over 100,000 residents.
Exurb
A typically fast growing city in which residents are closely connected to the central city + suburbs.
Infill
Development that targets vacant or empty areas of land.
New Urbanism
A school of thought that seeks to eliminate urban sprawl and save farmland through the use of smart-growth policies.
Gentrification
When higher-income or wealthy residents move into a poor area, displacing people from their homes and making the low-value neighborhood a high-value one.
Know why European countries produce fewer greenhouse gases than us
An increase in the use of renewables, a switch from coal to gas for power generation, improvements in energy efficiency, etc.
What is site?
Site describes the place on which the settlement was built.
EX: Climate, landforms, availability of water, natural resources.
What is situation?
The connections between one site and other sites.
Includes: Access to trading partners, resources, and other outside connections.
What city(ies) represents the Galactic City Model?
Los Angeles and Detroit
What is the galactic city model?
Explains cities that have a downtown and loose coalitions of other urban areas, also called the peripheral model.
What is Detroit, Michigan known for?
Automobile production.
What is Houston, Texas known for?
Oil and energy
What did the economy in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania revolve around in the 19th and 20th centuries?
Iron and steel
What was the role of Bruges, Belgium in the 13th century?
Wool manufacturing center
What factors contribute to urban sprawl?
Poor planning, automobile and freeway expansion, a growing population,
What is infill development?
The process by which vacant parcels of land are identified and developed.
How does infill reduce urban sprawl?
It focuses on areas already served by existing infrastructure.
What is the gravity model? (HAVE YOU STUDIED THE MAP?)
Levels of spatial interaction between two cities depend on the size and distance between them. Larger cities typically have a greater “pull” factor than smaller ones.
What is an example of a Primate City? (1)
(1): Mexico city
What is an example of a Primate City? (2)
(2): Paris, France.
What is an example of a Primate City? (3)
Bangkok, Thailand
What do primate cities typically serve as?
The economic and cultural center.
What is range in CPT?
The furthest distance a person will travel for a good or service before costs/distance outweighs the need for the product.
What is threshold in CPT?
The minimum market needed to bring about the selling of a good or service.
What are higher-order goods?
Goods and services that are more expensive, desirable, and have larger thresholds and ranges than low-order goods and services do.
What are examples of higher-order goods?
Luxury cars, high-end fashion, works of art.
What are examples of higher-order services?
Professional sports events, museums, and cultural festivals.
What are examples of lower-order goods?
Goods found in grocery stores and common retail stores.
What are examples of low-order services?
Hair salons, barber shops, and post offices.
Consumers are less willing to travel long distances for these goods and services, meaning reduced range and decreased threshold.
Rank-size rule
A city ranked “n” in the rank-size system will have 1/n of the population of the largest city.
Where do megacities primarily reside?
Peripheral and semi-peripheral
Mixed-use development
Single planned development designed to include multiple uses including industrial, recreational, educational, and office spaces.
Traditional zoning
Zoning based on land-use type or economic function such as various categories of residential (low, medium, or high density) commercial or industrial.
Mixed-use zoning
Permits multiple land uses in the same space or structure
What is the importance of a strong infrastructure?
A strong infrastructure catalyzes strong economic growth by increasing mobility and education, which allows for both the selling of products and equips people with the necessary problem solving skills to thrive.
Qualitative research
Research developed and gathered through the use of descriptions and rich narratives.
Quantitative research
Research primarily using hard data to come to precise and detailed conclusions about a subject.
What is the importance of greenbelts?
Greenbelts preserve farmland that would otherwise be destroyed through urban sprawl and the development of new infrastructure.
What are the benefits of mixed-use development?
An increase in residential density, a walkable neighborhood, and everything that is necessary in one spot.
Redlining
The process by which banks refuse to give home loans on the basis of ethnicity/race.
Blockbusting
A process in which real estate agents would stir up concern that black families would soon move into the neighborhood, causing white families to sell their homes at below market prices.
De facto segregation
Segregation that results from urban settlement patterns rather than prejudicial loss.
Strong infra stricter
