Unit 6- personalisation and a person-centred approach to care

Question 1

Define department of health personalisation

Answer 1

Personalisation is a social care approach described by the department of health as meaning that “every person who receives support, whether provided by statutory services or funded by themselves will have choice and control over the shape of that support in all care settings”

Question 2

Benefits to individuals when having personalisation

Answer 2

Choices and control as they are central to their own care

Have freedom,meaning they will feel empowered

It ensures people receive care and support whilst they remain central to the process

Question 3

How is personalisation more than just about money?

Answer 3

The individuals has the choice to become active. For example they can live where they want to

They have access to support

It removes barriers to everyday activities as it helps to ensure people remain in control

Question 4

What is the implication for social care professionals?

Answer 4

Care workers should feel empowered to support individuals creatively as it helps to promote personalisation

Question 5

What does personalisation to an individuals mean?

Answer 5

Empowerment
Addressing needs
Control
Independence
Participation
Choice
Preferences
Meeting aspirations

Question 6

What is a statutory service

Answer 6

A type of government mandated care or service to the public

Question 7

Define aspiration

Answer 7

Is a hope or ambition of achieving something

Question 8

Define proactive

Answer 8

Creating or controlling a situation rather than just responding to it after it has happened

Question 9

What is a personal budget?

Answer 9

It is a finance plan that allocates future personal income towards expenses, savings and debt repayment

Question 10

What is a support plan?

Answer 10

It is a process which helps people set out their own aims and then secure the support and care that are needed to achieve them

Question 11

What do social care outcomes measure?

Answer 11

They measure how well care and support services achieve the outcomes that matter most to people

Question 12

Means-tested for social welfare payments

Answer 12

To qualify for a social assistance payment you just satisfy a means test

Question 13

Benefits of personalisation to an individual

Answer 13

Improved quality of life
Improved self-esteem
More opportunities to socialise
Improved information and guidance
Gained and maintain control
Can remain in their own home
Inclusion in the community

Question 14

Choice and control

Answer 14

People must be informed about all choices and empowered and supported to make decisions about their care

Services should be tailored to the needs of the individuals

Role of the professional- support individuals to make an assessment of their own needs and provide them with information so that they are able to make informed choice about the care they revive

Question 15

Co-production

Answer 15

Underpinned by a view of people who revive care as assets with a skills and with a contribution to make

Means that individuals receiving care are involved in designing and planning services, deciding about the allocation of resources, delivering services

Example- volunteering and evaluating services

Question 16

Personalisation

Answer 16

The fundamental principle which underpins health and social care

Everyone who is in need of care has choice and control about the support they receive

Example- using a personal budget to employ a personal assistant to facilitate independent living

Question 17

Personal budget

Answer 17

Allocation of funding which has been assessed as being sufficient to meet the needs of an individual who requires care and support

They can receive this budget as a direct payment or the local authority can manage the budget on behalf of the person whilst still ensuring the person chooses how their care needs are met

Question 18

Person-centred approach

Answer 18

The way professionals think about individuals who are in need of care and the relationships they build with them

Means that individuals in need of care are at the centre of decisions, and are seen as experts and equal partners

Being compassionate, empathic and respectful are crucial

Question 19

Challenges that impact on personalisation

Answer 19

Care is limited to the prescribed budget
(Set amount of money and does not change for the year, need to be reassessed to keep receiving the money)
(If suddenly need money you cannot get it)
(If not informed successfully and needs not met properly you could end up paying for the wrong thing or wrong type of care)

Availability and access to some services may be restricted in some areas
(If live in densely populated area demand of caters will be higher than how many their will be available)
(Direct payments- the local authority will ask for proof on how it was spent)

Question 20

Independent living movement

Project 81?

Answer 20

Project 81 made principles of the independent living movement such as asserting control about decisions in their lives, empowering themselves, taking more responsibility of what happens to them and developing their choices

Question 21

Health and social care act 2012

Answer 21

Strengthened the collective voice of patients, service providers and commissioners should welcome feedback as a means of assessing the quality of their services

Act provided the basis for better collaboration partnership working and interrogation across local government and the NHS

reinforced personalisation in social care and empowers patients to make choices

Enables patients to choose services that best meet their needs

Can choose to have their treatment in a hospital if their choice

Provided the establishment of health watch England as a statutory committee of the care quality commissions

Question 22

Local authority circular 2008 - personalisation guidance

Answer 22

Choice and control over how that support is delivered- confident that services are of high quality are safe and promote their own individual requirements for independence, well being and dignity

Reinforces the commitment to personalisation

Will have a voice and a choice in their care, enabling them and their supporters to maintain or improve their well-being and independence

Question 23

The care act 2014

Answer 23

Puts people and their carers in control of their care and support

People in need of support are encouraged to think about what outcomes they want for a better sense of physical or emotion wellbeing

A greater emphasis on the use of advocates

Greater emphasis on safeguarding vulnerable individuals from neglect and abuse

Greater emphasis on personalised budgets and payments

If a carers has needs and is eligible for support they have a legal right to assembly and to receive support

The individuals knows themselves and their needs best

Views, wishes, feelings and beliefs should always be considered

Any decisions should take into account all relevant circumstances

An individuals wellbeing should be balanced with that of involved family and friends

Question 24

Children and families act 2014

Answer 24

Focuses on putting children and young people at the heart of planning and decision making through co-production and person- centres practice

Choice and control for the children, young people and families involved in decision making

A single, co-ordinated assessment

Importance of involving young people and their parents, carers in all decisions

Empowering young people so they are engaged and supported to plan for their future

Single, education, health and care plan (EHCP)

Local authority to provide information, advice and support on health, social care and educational

Local authority to carry out a child’s needs assessment (CNA) for young people who may need support to make informed choices for their fortune

Question 25

Education, health and care plan (EHCP)

Answer 25

Written in partnership with children and parents Assess and considers the needs of a child’s education, health and care Replaced the statement of special educational needs and learning children’s assessment Involves parents, carers, children in decision making

Question 26

When is a child entitled to an EHCP?

Answer 26

If they have a severe or complex long-term need that affects everyday life Require help and resources that are not normally available Need intensive help and support from more than one agency Show evidence that they are making limited of no progress despite high levels of support Show evidence of a graduated response to interventions, support and resources already in place

Question 27

Fair access to care

Answer 27

Implemented by the government in 2003 A common framework to determine if someone was eligible Stop any inconsistencies- everyone is treated fairly

Question 28

What are the 4 strands to being eligible to a fair access to care?

Answer 28

``` If need are: Critical Substantial Moderate Low ```

Question 29

Choice of residence

Answer 29

Personalisation means that individuals should have choices about where and how they live The authority must make sure the homes can be accessed by the individuals who live there There should be a range of specialist housing available with options making them meet individuals needs

Question 30

Housing adaptions

Answer 30

This could be to an individuals home or an already adapted purpose built home Example- wheelchair friendly homes while beef a lower kitchen sink and bench areas. The hob/oven needs to be accessible too and w hoist system might be needed to use the bathroom or get into bed.

Question 31

Meeting housing needs

Answer 31

If an individual wants to stay in their own home they will be assisted to do so by social services by using specialist equipment. Other options might be moving to purpose build or adapted accommodation with things such as wider doors Sheltered accommodation that gives an individual the independence of having their own flat with the security of an alarm systems A residential home may be suitable for someone who finds it difficult to look after themselves. Residential care ensures ensures that all physical needs re met, care staff care available day and night

Question 32

What is the role of monitor when talking about the health and social care act 2012

Answer 32

Monitor is the regulator for NHS foundation trusts. It’s main duty is protected and promote the interests of patients by ensuring the provision of effective health care services. Monitor most have particular regard for maintaining the safety of people who use healthcare services.

Question 33

What is decentralisation?

Answer 33

It is the process of redistribution or shifting function from a central authority or location. Commissioning is the process of planning, agreeing and monitoring services

Question 34

What are the key concepts of person-centres approach

Answer 34

``` Knowing the person as an individual Empowerment and power Respecting the individuals values and preferences Choice and autonomy Respect and dignity Empathy and compassion ```

Question 35

Enhancing voice, choice and control

Answer 35

Wishes of the individual and the duty of care must also be carefully balanced. There may be some level of compromise on behalf of the individual, their family, carer or a professional. Empowerment should mean allowing an individual to make heir own decisions that carers may disagree with. A balance has to be achieved between levels of protection and levels of choice and control

Question 36

Clarification of roles and responsibilities

Answer 36

It is the role and responsibility of the carer/ personal assistant to provide support for the individual to enable them to live the life they want. Professionals are no longer in charge of making decisions about an individual life It is the duty of the individual to make their wishes clear to the carer.

Question 37

What is meant by personalisation

Answer 37

The action of designing or producing something to meet someone’s individual requirements

Question 38

Explain what is meant by an education, health and care plan (EHCP)

Answer 38

It is a legal document which describes a child or young persons special educational needs , the support they need, and the outcomes they would like to achieve

Question 39

Explain what is meant by an individual budget

Answer 39

It is a system for organising individualised funding where the person is told how much they are entitled to spend. It is a needs based approach to setting budgets, instead of service based approach.

Question 40

Four principles of person-centred care

Answer 40

Person is treated with dignity, compassion, respect Care is personalised Care is co-ordinated Care is enabling

Question 41

Independence and rights

Answer 41

To live their life the way they want For example: To be employed- the equality act 2010 ensures people are not discriminated against and allows for a person to have independence To from meaningful relationships- allowing a person to live in a community and build relationships rather than being in an instituting or away from a community

Question 42

Co-production, choice and control

Answer 42

To be treated as an equal partner in decision making about their care To be able to make decisions about their life and care To have more of what is important to them

Question 43

Inclusive and competent communities

Answer 43

To be able to participate in community activities - this helps a person to feel valued and gives a sense of having part of a team To volunteer means that they can develop hobbies and gives them a reason to carry on going and make friends To feel they belong to club, societies or groups

Question 44

The policy landscape

Answer 44

His is where acts of parliament such as the equality act and the health and social care act are in place to enable people to be treated in a fair and equal way. It also states about the features of personal budgets

Question 45

Define screening

Answer 45

The process of identifying healthy people who may be at risk of disease Example- breast screening and smear test

Question 46

Define preventative measures

Answer 46

Using methods to stop or prevent something

Question 47

Define universal services

Answer 47

Service led provision is when an individual had to fit into existing services such as day centres

Question 48

Define needs assessment

Answer 48

The process for identifying and recording the health and social care needs of an individual and evaluating their impact on daily living and quality of life

Question 49

Define degenerative condition

Answer 49

Medical problems that worse over time

Question 50

Why might people be resistant to change

Answer 50

Not want they are used to Fear if the unknown Professionals may feel that they have lost control

Question 51

Institutional history of public services

Answer 51

Professionals know best and individuals would accept what the doctor/ nurse was saying without wisest job. This restricted choice and there could have been misdiagnosis

Question 52

Institutions promoting a medical model of disability

Answer 52

Sees disability as a problem and therefore the person is limited and cannot function in society What is the focus of the NHS Fix individual without the need of surgery

Question 53

Lack of staff training

Answer 53

Unable to offer person- ventured care as don’t understand what it is Need skills to provide person centred approach

Question 54

Communication barriers

Answer 54

Misunderstanding, frustration, resentment, professionals not providing care to service users could be unable to communicate wants, needs and wishes

Question 55

Respecting choice when alternative may promote better health or wellbeing

Answer 55

Respect their choice and do not go against it even if it may be successful or put them at risk

Question 56

Methods for overcoming challenges

Answer 56

Values based recruitment Staff training Regular review of support provided Recogninsing when provision is not person centred and taking action to rectify this Modelling behaviour

Question 57

What is a values based recruitment

Answer 57

Is an approach which attracts and recruits students, trainees and employees on the basis that their individual values and behaviour align with the values of the NHS constitution

Question 58

What is the purpose of a values based recruitment

Answer 58

It ensures that the right workforce is recruited, not only with the right skills, in the right numbers but with the right values to support effective team working in delivering excellent patient care and experience

Question 59

Positives of staff training

Answer 59

Reduces job stress Reduces staff turnover Increases job satisfaction Increases confidence to deliver person centred care through knowledge gained in education and training

Question 60

Regular review of support provided

Answer 60

The review is the mechanism by which the need for a revision is determined Reviews should be completed in a person centred way when the individual, their family and professions feel it is necessary The review date should be included in the support plan with the possibility of a sooner time should the need arise Care and support plan should never be revised unless a review has taken place

Question 61

Recognising when provision is not person- centred and taking action to rectify this

Answer 61

Could happen if service provider is working fails to constantly check that the individual is aware of what is happening and that they are in control of the process If the individual does not feel in control then this can be rectified by the professional This could be a person taking a passive role in their care This needs to be identified and challenged

Question 62

Modelling behaviour

Answer 62

Showing good practice and high lighting when practice is good This means that others can observe and then model the behaviour too which highlights better practice