Unit 6- personalisation and a person-centred approach to care Flashcards
Define department of health personalisation
Personalisation is a social care approach described by the department of health as meaning that “every person who receives support, whether provided by statutory services or funded by themselves will have choice and control over the shape of that support in all care settings”
Benefits to individuals when having personalisation
Choices and control as they are central to their own care
Have freedom,meaning they will feel empowered
It ensures people receive care and support whilst they remain central to the process
How is personalisation more than just about money?
The individuals has the choice to become active. For example they can live where they want to
They have access to support
It removes barriers to everyday activities as it helps to ensure people remain in control
What is the implication for social care professionals?
Care workers should feel empowered to support individuals creatively as it helps to promote personalisation
What does personalisation to an individuals mean?
Empowerment Addressing needs Control Independence Participation Choice Preferences Meeting aspirations
What is a statutory service
A type of government mandated care or service to the public
Define aspiration
Is a hope or ambition of achieving something
Define proactive
Creating or controlling a situation rather than just responding to it after it has happened
What is a personal budget?
It is a finance plan that allocates future personal income towards expenses, savings and debt repayment
What is a support plan?
It is a process which helps people set out their own aims and then secure the support and care that are needed to achieve them
What do social care outcomes measure?
They measure how well care and support services achieve the outcomes that matter most to people
Means-tested for social welfare payments
To qualify for a social assistance payment you just satisfy a means test
Benefits of personalisation to an individual
Improved quality of life Improved self-esteem More opportunities to socialise Improved information and guidance Gained and maintain control Can remain in their own home Inclusion in the community
Choice and control
People must be informed about all choices and empowered and supported to make decisions about their care
Services should be tailored to the needs of the individuals
Role of the professional- support individuals to make an assessment of their own needs and provide them with information so that they are able to make informed choice about the care they revive
Co-production
Underpinned by a view of people who revive care as assets with a skills and with a contribution to make
Means that individuals receiving care are involved in designing and planning services, deciding about the allocation of resources, delivering services
Example- volunteering and evaluating services
Personalisation
The fundamental principle which underpins health and social care
Everyone who is in need of care has choice and control about the support they receive
Example- using a personal budget to employ a personal assistant to facilitate independent living
Personal budget
Allocation of funding which has been assessed as being sufficient to meet the needs of an individual who requires care and support
They can receive this budget as a direct payment or the local authority can manage the budget on behalf of the person whilst still ensuring the person chooses how their care needs are met
Person-centred approach
The way professionals think about individuals who are in need of care and the relationships they build with them
Means that individuals in need of care are at the centre of decisions, and are seen as experts and equal partners
Being compassionate, empathic and respectful are crucial
Challenges that impact on personalisation
Care is limited to the prescribed budget
(Set amount of money and does not change for the year, need to be reassessed to keep receiving the money)
(If suddenly need money you cannot get it)
(If not informed successfully and needs not met properly you could end up paying for the wrong thing or wrong type of care)
Availability and access to some services may be restricted in some areas
(If live in densely populated area demand of caters will be higher than how many their will be available)
(Direct payments- the local authority will ask for proof on how it was spent)
Independent living movement
Project 81?
Project 81 made principles of the independent living movement such as asserting control about decisions in their lives, empowering themselves, taking more responsibility of what happens to them and developing their choices
Health and social care act 2012
Strengthened the collective voice of patients, service providers and commissioners should welcome feedback as a means of assessing the quality of their services
Act provided the basis for better collaboration partnership working and interrogation across local government and the NHS
reinforced personalisation in social care and empowers patients to make choices
Enables patients to choose services that best meet their needs
Can choose to have their treatment in a hospital if their choice
Provided the establishment of health watch England as a statutory committee of the care quality commissions
Local authority circular 2008 - personalisation guidance
Choice and control over how that support is delivered- confident that services are of high quality are safe and promote their own individual requirements for independence, well being and dignity
Reinforces the commitment to personalisation
Will have a voice and a choice in their care, enabling them and their supporters to maintain or improve their well-being and independence
The care act 2014
Puts people and their carers in control of their care and support
People in need of support are encouraged to think about what outcomes they want for a better sense of physical or emotion wellbeing
A greater emphasis on the use of advocates
Greater emphasis on safeguarding vulnerable individuals from neglect and abuse
Greater emphasis on personalised budgets and payments
If a carers has needs and is eligible for support they have a legal right to assembly and to receive support
The individuals knows themselves and their needs best
Views, wishes, feelings and beliefs should always be considered
Any decisions should take into account all relevant circumstances
An individuals wellbeing should be balanced with that of involved family and friends
Children and families act 2014
Focuses on putting children and young people at the heart of planning and decision making through co-production and person- centres practice
Choice and control for the children, young people and families involved in decision making
A single, co-ordinated assessment
Importance of involving young people and their parents, carers in all decisions
Empowering young people so they are engaged and supported to plan for their future
Single, education, health and care plan (EHCP)
Local authority to provide information, advice and support on health, social care and educational
Local authority to carry out a child’s needs assessment (CNA) for young people who may need support to make informed choices for their fortune
Education, health and care plan (EHCP)
Written in partnership with children and parents
Assess and considers the needs of a child’s education, health and care
Replaced the statement of special educational needs and learning children’s assessment
Involves parents, carers, children in decision making
When is a child entitled to an EHCP?
If they have a severe or complex long-term need that affects everyday life
Require help and resources that are not normally available
Need intensive help and support from more than one agency
Show evidence that they are making limited of no progress despite high levels of support
Show evidence of a graduated response to interventions, support and resources already in place
Fair access to care
Implemented by the government in 2003
A common framework to determine if someone was eligible
Stop any inconsistencies- everyone is treated fairly
What are the 4 strands to being eligible to a fair access to care?
If need are: Critical Substantial Moderate Low
Choice of residence
Personalisation means that individuals should have choices about where and how they live
The authority must make sure the homes can be accessed by the individuals who live there
There should be a range of specialist housing available with options making them meet individuals needs
Housing adaptions
This could be to an individuals home or an already adapted purpose built home
Example- wheelchair friendly homes while beef a lower kitchen sink and bench areas. The hob/oven needs to be accessible too and w hoist system might be needed to use the bathroom or get into bed.
Meeting housing needs
If an individual wants to stay in their own home they will be assisted to do so by social services by using specialist equipment.
Other options might be moving to purpose build or adapted accommodation with things such as wider doors
Sheltered accommodation that gives an individual the independence of having their own flat with the security of an alarm systems
A residential home may be suitable for someone who finds it difficult to look after themselves.
Residential care ensures ensures that all physical needs re met, care staff care available day and night
What is the role of monitor when talking about the health and social care act 2012
Monitor is the regulator for NHS foundation trusts. It’s main duty is protected and promote the interests of patients by ensuring the provision of effective health care services.
Monitor most have particular regard for maintaining the safety of people who use healthcare services.
What is decentralisation?
It is the process of redistribution or shifting function from a central authority or location.
Commissioning is the process of planning, agreeing and monitoring services
What are the key concepts of person-centres approach
Knowing the person as an individual Empowerment and power Respecting the individuals values and preferences Choice and autonomy Respect and dignity Empathy and compassion
Enhancing voice, choice and control
Wishes of the individual and the duty of care must also be carefully balanced. There may be some level of compromise on behalf of the individual, their family, carer or a professional.
Empowerment should mean allowing an individual to make heir own decisions that carers may disagree with.
A balance has to be achieved between levels of protection and levels of choice and control
Clarification of roles and responsibilities
It is the role and responsibility of the carer/ personal assistant to provide support for the individual to enable them to live the life they want.
Professionals are no longer in charge of making decisions about an individual life
It is the duty of the individual to make their wishes clear to the carer.
What is meant by personalisation
The action of designing or producing something to meet someone’s individual requirements
Explain what is meant by an education, health and care plan (EHCP)
It is a legal document which describes a child or young persons special educational needs , the support they need, and the outcomes they would like to achieve
Explain what is meant by an individual budget
It is a system for organising individualised funding where the person is told how much they are entitled to spend.
It is a needs based approach to setting budgets, instead of service based approach.
Four principles of person-centred care
Person is treated with dignity, compassion, respect
Care is personalised
Care is co-ordinated
Care is enabling
Independence and rights
To live their life the way they want
For example:
To be employed- the equality act 2010 ensures people are not discriminated against and allows for a person to have independence
To from meaningful relationships- allowing a person to live in a community and build relationships rather than being in an instituting or away from a community
Co-production, choice and control
To be treated as an equal partner in decision making about their care
To be able to make decisions about their life and care
To have more of what is important to them
Inclusive and competent communities
To be able to participate in community activities - this helps a person to feel valued and gives a sense of having part of a team
To volunteer means that they can develop hobbies and gives them a reason to carry on going and make friends
To feel they belong to club, societies or groups
The policy landscape
His is where acts of parliament such as the equality act and the health and social care act are in place to enable people to be treated in a fair and equal way.
It also states about the features of personal budgets
Define screening
The process of identifying healthy people who may be at risk of disease
Example- breast screening and smear test
Define preventative measures
Using methods to stop or prevent something
Define universal services
Service led provision is when an individual had to fit into existing services such as day centres
Define needs assessment
The process for identifying and recording the health and social care needs of an individual and evaluating their impact on daily living and quality of life
Define degenerative condition
Medical problems that worse over time
Why might people be resistant to change
Not want they are used to
Fear if the unknown
Professionals may feel that they have lost control
Institutional history of public services
Professionals know best and individuals would accept what the doctor/ nurse was saying without wisest job. This restricted choice and there could have been misdiagnosis
Institutions promoting a medical model of disability
Sees disability as a problem and therefore the person is limited and cannot function in society
What is the focus of the NHS
Fix individual without the need of surgery
Lack of staff training
Unable to offer person- ventured care as don’t understand what it is
Need skills to provide person centred approach
Communication barriers
Misunderstanding, frustration, resentment, professionals not providing care to service users could be unable to communicate wants, needs and wishes
Respecting choice when alternative may promote better health or wellbeing
Respect their choice and do not go against it even if it may be successful or put them at risk
Methods for overcoming challenges
Values based recruitment
Staff training
Regular review of support provided
Recogninsing when provision is not person centred and taking action to rectify this
Modelling behaviour
What is a values based recruitment
Is an approach which attracts and recruits students, trainees and employees on the basis that their individual values and behaviour align with the values of the NHS constitution
What is the purpose of a values based recruitment
It ensures that the right workforce is recruited, not only with the right skills, in the right numbers but with the right values to support effective team working in delivering excellent patient care and experience
Positives of staff training
Reduces job stress
Reduces staff turnover
Increases job satisfaction
Increases confidence to deliver person centred care through knowledge gained in education and training
Regular review of support provided
The review is the mechanism by which the need for a revision is determined
Reviews should be completed in a person centred way when the individual, their family and professions feel it is necessary
The review date should be included in the support plan with the possibility of a sooner time should the need arise
Care and support plan should never be revised unless a review has taken place
Recognising when provision is not person- centred and taking action to rectify this
Could happen if service provider is working fails to constantly check that the individual is aware of what is happening and that they are in control of the process
If the individual does not feel in control then this can be rectified by the professional
This could be a person taking a passive role in their care
This needs to be identified and challenged
Modelling behaviour
Showing good practice and high lighting when practice is good
This means that others can observe and then model the behaviour too which highlights better practice
