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Health and Social Care > Unit 2 > Flashcards

Unit 2 Flashcards

1
Q

What is equality?

A

Equality is when a person is respected as an individual, treated fairly, given the same opportunities regardless of differences, they should be treated according to holistic needs.

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2
Q

What is diversity?

A

Diversity means that there is a difference.

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3
Q

What are an individual’s rights?

A

An individual has the rights of choice, confidentiality, protection from abuse and harm, equal and fair treatment, consultation and the right to life.

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4
Q

What are the types of diversity?

A

The types of diversity are race, religion, cultural, gender, sexuality, age, family structure and social class

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5
Q

Define an individual’s right of choice?

A

It is the right to choose their own care, hospital or doctor.

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6
Q

Define an individual’s right to confidentiality?

A

Confidentiality is when an individual’s information is kept quiet and protected from others unless they are at risk of harming themselves or someone else.However, a need to know basis is when everyone who needs to be involved becomes involved in protecting the individual as they will ‘need to know’ what is going on.

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7
Q

Define an individual’s right to protection from abuse and harm?

A

An individual should always be protected from harm and abuse. Policies will normally protect individuals. If an individual is verbally or physically abused or tortured they are not being protected.

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8
Q

Define an individual’s right to equal and fair treatment?

A

Everyone should have equal opportunities. An individual should always be respected to make them feel valued and empowered. When possible individuals should feel in control and able to make changes if they want.

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9
Q

Define an individual’s right to consultation?

A

Everyone should be informed of all possible types of treatment and care that is available for them. Individuals should be given choices in a balanced way to allow them to chose what is best for them or what they are most comfortable with. A professional recommendation should be given with the choices but all choices must be given first. This will empower an individual as well as make them feel respected with their views and opinions.

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10
Q

Define an individual’s right to life?

A

Everyone has the right to life. It become the service providers responsibility to ensure this is happening. If situations are difficult or service users become too ill an advocate should represent the service users best interests and what would make them feel most comfortable.

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11
Q

Define advocate?

A

An advocate is somebody who will speak out on behalf of an individual that cannot represent themselves. This could be as they are too ill or do not feel safe or secure. They may be in a vulnerable state of mind.

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12
Q

What are the values of care?

A

Maintaining confidentiality, promoting individual’s rights and beliefs and promoting equality and diversity.

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13
Q

Define empowerment?

A

Empowerment is the way in which a carer or individual encourages an individual or them-self to make informed choices/decisions so that they still have control in their life.

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14
Q

How is the care value maintaining confidentiality applied?

A

A private conversation will be closed off from others. Passwords on computer files, locked cabinets, ‘need to know basis’. Information must be kept confidential unless it must be know to others.

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15
Q

How is the care value promoting an individual’s rights and beliefs applied?

A

They could be given a time and place to pray, different variety’s of food choices, same sex staff where appropriate and acknowledgement of their culture/beliefs.

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16
Q

How is the care valued promoting equality and diversity applied?

A

Different choices of food, non-discriminatory language, a non judgemental approach and provided literature in a range of languages.

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17
Q

What are support networks?

A

They are formal support organisations or informal support networks set up to help individuals who are seen as vulnerable. They give out advice and offer counselling.

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18
Q

Different types of support networks?

A

MIND and Age Uk-support groups Friends and family-informal support
SEAP, MENCAP (empower me) advocacy service

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19
Q

Values of care in child services (first 3) ?

A

Making the welfare of the child paramount (child’s best interests first)
Keeping children safe and maintaining a healthy environment
Working in partnership with parents/guardians and family’s as well as other professionals

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20
Q

Values of care in child services (middle 3) ?

A

Encouraging children’s learning development
Valuing diversity
Ensuring equality of opportunity

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21
Q

Values of care in child services (last 3) ?

A

Anti-discriminatory practice
Maintaining confidentiality
Working with other professionals

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22
Q

What is discrimination?

A

Discrimination is when an individual is treated differently on the basis of personal characteristics. It can be either direct or indirect.

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23
Q

What is direct discrimination?

A

Direct discrimination is direct abusive behaviour to another person based on personal characteristics.

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24
Q

What is indirect discrimination?

A

Indirect discrimination is usually a mistake and is less obvious. It occurs when an individual is discriminated against as a result of organisation policies and practices. However, it is allowed on certain bases such as a personal carer or a role for a movie.

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25
Q

What are examples of direct discrimination?

A

Verbal abuse, physical abuse and excluding an individual.

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26
Q

What are examples of indirect discrimination?

A

Height restrictions, information provided in only one language and applicants for a job must be clean shaven.

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27
Q

Define the term prejudice?

A

To pre-judge an individual based on their characteristics.

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28
Q

Define stereotype?

A

Stereotyping is a form of generalisation of a group of individuals.

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29
Q

Define the term labelling?

A

Labelling has to be viewed as a categorisation that influences the stereotyping of others.

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30
Q

Define the term bullying?

A

Bullying is the superior strength of influence to intimidate someone. It is normally forcing an individual to do something they may not want to.

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31
Q

What are different types of abuse?

A

Types of abuse would be harassment, sexual abuse, racial abuse and bullying.

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32
Q

How would an individual learn discriminatory practices?

A

Through socilisation
Family-primary
Education,media,religion and health care- secondary

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33
Q

Who is affected by discriminatory practices?

A

Vulnerable people have the highest risk.
Individual who require support and care
Family, friends and relatives of individuals
Practitioners (nurse,teacher or social worker)

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34
Q

What are national initiatives?

A

National refers to a country level and initiative is an important act or statement that is intended to solve a problem.

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35
Q

What is the impact of legalisation and national initiatives?

A

It promotes a person/centred approach to care and provision.
It helps empower an individual
An individual’s needs are met and clear guidelines are provided for practitioners to follow.

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36
Q

How would an interviewer promote equal opportunities?

A

They should not ask illegal questions. The same questions should be asked to each individual so it is fair to all who apply. No personal questions should be asked that could cause a disadvantage to certain groups of individuals.

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37
Q

How are policies promoting equal opportunities?

A

Policies should advertise in a wide range of areas to ensure different group can access the job. They should ensure that the system is working correctly by monitoring forms. They should ensure that all employers are following the policy to make sure everyone is treated fairly.

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38
Q

How are improvements or types of action took to stop discriminatory practice taking place?

A

Whistle blowing, ensuring that the values of care are taking place and that information is provided about how complaints procedures and advocacy services are taken place.

39
Q

What barriers could stop an individual accessing health services?

A

Geographical, financial, physical, cultural/language and psychological

40
Q

What is whistle blowing?

A

Whistle blowing is when a member of staff is aware that the quality of care at their workplace is dangerous or poor so they report it to bring a change.

41
Q

What is the term used when more than one professional work together to provide care for a service user?

A

Multi-disciplinary partnership approach

42
Q

Which two acts support empowerment of service users?

A

The equality act 2010 and the human rights act 1998

43
Q

What is an Act?

A

An Act is a piece of government legislation which is divided into ‘Acts’. Each one covers law on a specific topic.

44
Q

What group of individuals are protected by the Children Act 1989/2000 and the every child matters?

A

All children (under the age of 18)

45
Q

What group of people are protected by the sex discrimination act 1975/1986?

A

All men and woman

46
Q

Which individuals are protected by the race relations act 1976/2000?

A

It protects on the grounds of ethnicity. Any group of individuals can be protected by this act.

47
Q

What group of individuals are protected by the disability discrimination act 1995?

A

All disabled people.

48
Q

What group of people are protected by the equality act?

A

Everyone is protected by this act.

49
Q

What is the equality act?

A

The equality act is a combination of previous acts that protect people on the grounds of ethnicity, disability, men/woman/sexuality and age.

50
Q

What group of people are protected by the mental health act 1982?

A

Vulnerable adults with mental health issues.

51
Q

What does seeking redress mean?

A

When a service user is unsatisfied with the standard of care that they have received and they seek the correct and rectify the situation. This can involve complaining and seeking compensation.

52
Q

How would service users seek redress?

A

An individual’s could contact a commission (responsible for specific legislation), a council (responsible for a specific profession) or the citizens advice bureau.

53
Q

Define victimisation?

A

As a result of making a complaint/raising concerns, individuals are treated unfairly.

54
Q

When was the mental capacity act published?

A

2005, has been in force since 2007

55
Q

Where does the mental capacity act apply?

A

England and Wales

56
Q

What is the main purpose of the mental capacity act?

A

To promote and safeguard decision-making within a legal framework

57
Q

What is the first purpose of the mental capacity act?

A

To empower people to make decisions for themselves, and by protecting people who lack capacity (vulnerable people)

58
Q

What is the second purpose of the mental capacity act?

A

To allow people to plan ahead for a time in the future when they might lack the capacity

59
Q

What is mental capacity?

A

The ability to make a decision- how much potential the person has to have the knowledge to make the right choices

60
Q

How is an individual’s mental capacity figured out?

A

A persons behaviour or circumstance can raise doubt as to whether they have the capacity to make a decision

61
Q

What would a principle of mental capacity be?

A

Assumptions should not be made about how much capacity a person lacks depending on their age or ‘weak’ condition unless proven.

62
Q

Which principle is essential for decisions makers to uphold?

A

The ‘equal consideration’ principle

63
Q

Which is the first principle the mental capacity act abides by?

A

A presumption of capacity

64
Q

What is the second principle the mental capacity act abides by?

A

Individuals being supported to make their own decisions

65
Q

What is the third principle the mental capacity act abides by?

A

Unwise decisions- you cannot treat someone as lacking capacity based on some bad decisions they make

66
Q

What is fourth principle the mental capacity act?

A

Best interests are to be put first

67
Q

What is the fifth main principle of the mental capacity act?

A

Less restrictive option- an individual should not interfere with a persons rights and freedom of action

68
Q

When was the children act published?

A

2004

69
Q

What is the introduction to the children act?

A

Introduction of the role of a children’s commissioner

70
Q

What is the aim of the children act?

A

To simplify the law relating to children- to keep them safe

71
Q

When was the children act first created/published?

A

1989

72
Q

What age range does the children act cover?

A

All individuals up to the age of 18

73
Q

What is the key principle of the children act?

A

That children have the right to be heard

74
Q

What are the requirements of the children act?

A

Local authority’s and social services departments are to act together to provide services and support for children, young people and their families

75
Q

What year was the data protection act legalised?

A

1998

76
Q

What is the data protection act?

A

A law designed to protect personal data stored on computers or in an organised paper filing system

77
Q

What is the need for the data protection act?

A

To access names, addresses, contact information, convictions, employment history, credit history and medical conditions

78
Q

What was a reason the data protection act was created?

A

As more organisations are using computers to store personal information, there was a danger of the information being misused or ending up in the wrong hands

79
Q

What are the two types of personal information in the data protection act?

A

The individual’s name and address, medical details or banking details

80
Q

What is a individual’s sensitive personal data - data protection act?

A

Their religion, health, sex-life, political opinions and criminal activity

81
Q

What year was the children and families act legalised?

A

2014

82
Q

What is two aims of the children and families act?

A

Adoptive parents have the same rights as legal parents and they have family courts to ensure he child’s future is out before anything else

83
Q

What year was the care act legalised?

A

2014

84
Q

What is the first principle of the care act?

A

Empowerment

85
Q

That is the second principle of the care act?

A

Protection

86
Q

What is the third principle of the care act?

A

Prevention

87
Q

What is the fourth principle of the care act?

A

Proportionality

88
Q

What is the fifth principle of the care act?

A

Partnership

89
Q

What is the sixth principle of the care act?

A

Accountability

90
Q

When was the health and social care act put into force?

A

2013

91
Q

When was the health and social care act legalised?

A

2012

92
Q

What is the health and social care act?

A

It provides reorganisation of the structure of the National Health Service in England to date

93
Q

What is the aim of the health and social care act?

A

To improve the NHS so it is able to help everyone, today and avoids a crisis

Health and Social Care (3 decks)

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