Unit 6/7 History

Question 1

Fall of the Roman Empire:

Answer 1

476 CE

Question 1

Dark Ages:

Answer 1

600 AD – 800 CE

Question 2

Middle Ages:

Answer 2

800 AD – 1450 CE

Question 3

Battle of Hastings

Answer 3

1066 CE

Question 4

The Crusades

Answer 4

1100 CE - 1300 CE

Question 5

The Black Death

Answer 5

1347 CE (beginning date in Europe)

Question 6

The Renaissance, the Reformation, and the Age of Exploration:

Answer 6

1450 AD – 1650 AD

Question 7

The five pillars of islam

Answer 7

faith,charity prayer, fasting,pilgrimage

Question 8

The five pillars of islam: Faith

Answer 8

There is one and only god, allah and muhammad in his prophet

Question 9

The five pillars of islam:charity/almsgiving

Answer 9

Must give a portion of earnings to government in a form of a tax but any charity could be good

Question 10

The five pillars of islam:prayer

Answer 10

Must pray 5 times a day facing mecca

Question 11

The five pillars of islam:fasting

Answer 11

Must fast from sunrise to sunset for the month of ramadan
Some people did not have to
To learn self control
To understand the suffering of others

Question 12

The five pillars of islam: pilgrimage

Answer 12

Once in their lifetime they must go to mecca
If you had a medical condition you did not have to go

Question 13

Mecca

Answer 13

Point of pilgrimage
Center of trade
Crossroads for trade
Brings wealth, idea, knowledge , culture, allies(trust)
Ancient place of worship
Polytheistic
Shrines and statues
In saudi arabia

Question 14

Islam

Answer 14

Religion
Followed by the muslims
Muhhamans

Question 15

Allah

Answer 15

Allah is one and only god

Question 16

Muhammad

Answer 16

founder of Islam and Allah’s prophet (messenger)

Question 17

Muhammad

Answer 17

Muhammad was the prophet and founder of Islam. Most of his early life was spent as a merchant. At age 40, he began to have revelations from Allah that became the basis for the Koran and the foundation of Islam. By 630 he had unified most of Arabia under a single religion

Question 18

Muslims (also spelled “Moslems”)

Answer 18

People who follow islamic religion

Question 19

Koran

Answer 19

the Islamic sacred book, believed to be the word of God as dictated to Muhammad by the archangel Gabriel and written down in Arabic. The Koran consists of 114 units of varying lengths, known as suras ; the first sura is said as part of the ritual prayer. These touch upon all aspects of human existence, including matters of doctrine, social organization, and legislation.

Question 20

Crusade

Answer 20

a Christian religious holy war primarily in the 1100 and 1200s against the Muslims in order to regain the Holy Land

Question 21

Outremer

Answer 21

“The Land Beyond the Sea”

Question 22

Initiating the Christian Crusades to the Holy Land

Answer 22

General situation that had occurred in the Holy Land
Muslim invasions and conquests, driving out the Christians
Fears of the Christian Emperor of Constantinople that Muslims would attack Constantinople

Question 23

Pope Urban II’s call to the European Christians

Answer 23

1095
His “message”:
Stop fighting each other, and instead, regain the Holy Land.
God wills it!
Promise of heaven and forgiveness of sins

Question 24

Crusade

Answer 24

Christian holy wars against the Muslims

Question 25

Infidels

Answer 25

“non-believers” - a derogatory term referring to the Muslims

Question 26

Seljuk Turks

Answer 26

Muslim group that took over the Holy Land

Question 27

What reasons did Europeans have for setting out on crusade?

Answer 27

Religious – regain the Holy Land; wash away sins; reward of Heaven after death
Seeking adventure
Business and trade opportunities
Forced by feudal lords
Escape harsh times at home—Poor
Famine
Wars in homeland
Weather
Floods
Fire
Non-stable houses

Bored – knights not allowed to fight each other

Question 28

What problems did Europeans encounter prior to and/or while on the crusade?

Answer 28

Costly – weapons, armor, food, supplies
Lack of weapons, armor, food, supplies, and trained soldiers
Language differences while traveling into new areas and between leaders
Sickness
Lack of supplies
The journey could have been tough
Lose direction
Weather
Physical body difficulties
Hygiene
Foot where-none
Clothing
Culture difference
Language barrier
Terrain
Hospitality
Not welcome in different villages
Can’t find a place to stay
Unhospital
Leaders disagreeing
Problems in groups will arise
Directions
Where do they go
Muslims ambushed
Surprised attacked
Inability to organize the bands of crusaders and disagreements between leaders on military tactics and strategies
Marauding bands; cruel and ruthless
Climate differences

Question 29

Although tragic events, what positive impact did the crusades and the contact with the Holy Land have upon Europe?

Answer 29

United European people in one common cause
Brought Europeans in dramatic contact with other cultures
Exposed Europeans to new trade goods
Herbs, spices, and new foods such as sugar cane and apricots
Glass, slippers, cotton, and mirrors
Encouraged travel
Spread new ideas in science, medicine, mathematics, art, and literature
Exposed Europeans to new technologies
Shipbuilding
Castle building; architecture
Decline of feudalism
Peasants had greater “bargaining power”
One-third of Europeans died journeying to and fighting in the Crusades
Serfs in Europe were in more demand by feudal lords who needed workers
Some commoners took over abandoned lands to farm
Slow emergence of a new “Middle Class”

Question 30

Crusades, Exposed Europeans to new trade goods

Answer 30

Herbs, spices, and new foods such as sugar cane and apricots
Glass, slippers, cotton, and mirrors

Question 31

crusades, Exposed Europeans to new technologies

Answer 31

Shipbuilding
Castle building; architecture

Question 32

what was the Decline of feudalism

Answer 32

peasants had greater “bargaining power”
One-third of Europeans died journeying to and fighting in the Crusades
Serfs in Europe were in more demand by feudal lords who needed workers
Some commoners took over abandoned lands to farm
Slow emergence of a new “Middle Class”

Question 33

Impact of the Black Death:

Answer 33

Serfs had “bargaining power”
With the deaths of so many serfs, those who survived were in high demand
Serfs who were not content with their lives could make greater demands on their lord or would leave the manor for another manor or for a town
With the deaths of many lords, as well as peasants, poor land in some areas was abandoned; eventually, some of this land was taken over by surviving serfs who hoped to rise in their social status
Not enough workers to produce food for all of Europe
With food shortage, prices rose
Famines occurred
Poor land was abandoned and villages fell to ruin – the remaining people left for the nearest town or city

Question 34

Some crafts declined

Answer 34

Traders and town workers found that there was no longer a large trading market for their goods.
Some master craftsmen died and, with them, their secrets of production “died”

Question 35

black death,

Answer 35

people who had never before been really free became independent

Question 36

The European Crusades and the Black Death/the Plague had a dramatic impact on Europe, ushering in the Renaissance in the 1400s and 1500s!