Unit 6

Question 1

What is the process in which ions are formed from solute molecules by the action of the solvent?

Answer 1

Dissociation

Question 2

What happens when a molecular substance ionizes in water?

Answer 2

Charged particles are formed and the more electronegative atom becomes a negative ion

Question 3

What does solubility describe?

Answer 3

The amount of solute per amount of solvent required to produce a saturated solution at a given temperature

Question 4

What does a saturated solution have?

Answer 4

A maximum amount of solute dissolved in that solvent at that temperature

Question 5

What three things can affect the rate at which things dissolve?

Answer 5

Temperature
Agitation
Surface area

Question 6

What is a supersaturated solution?

Answer 6

A solution that contains more solute than a similar saturated solution under the same conditions
Usually done by heating, adding solute, then cooking slowly

Question 7

What is an electrolyte?

Examples?

Answer 7

A substance that when dissolved in water, forms ions which conduct an electric current
Ex: ionic compounds, acids and bases

Question 8

What is a nonelectrolyte? Example?

Answer 8

Substance that when dissolved in water, does not produce ions and will not conduct an electric current
Ex: sucrose

Question 9

What is a strong electrolyte?

Answer 9

A compound that breaks up (dissociates or ionizes) entirely or almost entirely and exists as ions in a solution

Question 10

What is a weak electrolyte?

Answer 10

Has only a small amount of the dissolved compound existing as ions

Question 11

Does solubility of or compounds effect whether they are strong or weak?

Answer 11

No

Question 12

What is the difference between dissociation and ionization?

Answer 12

Dissociation separates ions while ionizations produces them

Question 13

If the product of a reaction is insoluble or soluble, what form does it come in?

Answer 13

Soluble - aquesite

Insoluble - solid

Question 14

What is the common ion effect?

Answer 14

It is when an ion that is common to 2 diluted will produce a precipitate or reduce ionization

Question 15

What is Ksp? What is the formula?

Answer 15

The solubility product constant
The equilibrium constant of a saturated ionic solution

Ksp= products/reactants

Question 16

What don’t you include when calculating Ksp?

Answer 16

Solids or liquids

Question 17

What does a large Ksp mean?

Answer 17

Means that there are many ions in solution (very soluble)

Increases solubility

Question 18

What does a low Ksp mean?

Answer 18

Means that there are very few ions in a solution (it is insoluble)

Decreases solubility

Question 19

What can solubility-product principles be applied to?

Answer 19

Only sparingly soluble substances

Question 20

How do you solve a Ksp question when given the solubility of the solid and the volume?

Answer 20

First use that solubility to find the number of mols by dividing it by the total molar mass of the compound, then take that and put it into the equation C=n/v and use that concentration as the x value for the rest

Question 21

What is a molecular compound that ionizes in water?

Answer 21

HCl

Question 22

What is H3O?

Answer 22

It is the PH level thingies

Less of it means less acidic

Question 23

How do you find out which compound is precipitated when given two compounds added with the same second Element?

Answer 23

You find which ever first element is more electronegative and that one is the one that doesn’t precipitate
Ex: HBr KBr
H is more electronegative so KBr is precipitated