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Chemistry 30 > Unit 3 > Flashcards

Unit 3 Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the difference between structural and condensed structural formulas?

A

Structural is all the carbons branched to all the hydrogens and condensed structural is just CH3CH2CH2CH3

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2
Q

What are the prefixes for 1-10?

A 
1- meth
2- eth
3- prop
4- but
5- pent
6- hex
7-hept
8- oct
9- non
10- dec
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3
Q

What are hydrocarbons?

A

Compounds with only hydrogen and carbon

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4
Q

How many bonds to alkanes, Alkenes, and alkynes have and what are their endings?

A

Alkanes- all single bonds, -ane
Alkenes- has a double bond, -ene
Alkynes- has a triple bond, -yne

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5
Q

Which has priority for lowest number the double bond or the methyl and Ethyls?

A

The double or triple bond

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6
Q

Name of a cycloalkane that is a square

A

Cyclobutane

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7
Q

What is an isomer?

A

Compounds that have the same formula but different structures

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8
Q

Example of saturated bonds and example of unsaturated?

A

Saturated- alkanes

Unsaturated- alkenes

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9
Q

What is benzene?

A

Is an aromatic hydrocarbon formed in a ring with double bonds at 1,3, and 5
It’s a hexagon (6 sides)

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10
Q

What is phenol?

A

Is a benzene with an alcohol group on carbon 1 (OH)

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11
Q

What is the priorities in naming organic compounds? Highest to lowest

A 
Carboxylic acids
Esters
Amides
Aldehydes
Ketones
Alcohols 
Amines
Alkenes
Alkynes
Alkanes
Ethers
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12
Q

What are carboxylic acids?

A

Has a carbon with a double bonded Oxygen and a alcohol group attached to an end carbon

C=O
|
OH

-oic acid

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13
Q

What is an ester? And what is the suffix?

A

Has a carbon with a double bonded O and a single bonded oxygen anywhere in the structure

C=O
|
O

-oate

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14
Q

What is an amide? What is it’s suffix?

A 
A carbon had a double bonded oxygen and a nitrogen bonded with two hydrogens to it at the end of the structure
C=O
 |
N-H     Or    NH2
 |
H

-amide

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15
Q

What is an aldehyde? What is it’s suffix?

A

A carbon with a double bonded oxygen and a hydrogen on the end of a structure

C=O
|
H

-al

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16
Q

What is a ketone? What is it’s suffix?

A

A carbon with a double bonded oxygen on it somewhere in the structure (not on the ends)

C-C-C
||
O

-one

17
Q

What is an alcohol? What is it’s suffix?

A

Is an oxygen with two sets of free electrons and a hydrogen attached to it

O-H or OH

-ol

18
Q

What is an amine? What is it’s suffix?

A

At nitrogen attached to a carbon with a set of free electrons and two hydrogens attached anywhere on the structure

N-H Or NH2
|
H

-amine

19
Q

What is a haloalkane? What is it’s prefix?

A

Has a halogen bonded off of a carbon like X or Cl surround by free electrons

C-X

(Name of halogen)o-
Xeno-

20
Q

What is an ether? What is it’s suffix?

A

Has an oxygen with two sets of free electrons somewhere in the middle of a structure not on the ends.

C-O-C

Ether
Ex: dimethyl ether

21
Q

What are polymers?

A

Are large molecules made from small units called monomers joined together

22
Q

What are examples of polymers?

A

Starch, protein, plastic, polystyrene, nylon, and polyester

23
Q

What are addition polymers?

A

These are formed when monomers with double bonds are joined together

24
Q

What are condensation polymers? What are examples?

A

Are made by reactions that remove water to join the monomers.

Ex: nylon, PET, polyethylene terephthalate, and polyamides like kevlar

25
Q

What compounds give flowers and fruits their flavour and odours?

A

Esters

26
Q

In which organic reaction do two molecules or parts of the same molecule combine?

A

Condensation

27
Q

What else can two monomers joined together form besides a polymer

A

A Copolymer

28
Q

Descriptions of branches polymers?

A

Are likely to be thermoplastic and cannot slide across eachother easily

29
Q

Linear molecules packed closely together form ______

A

High density polyethylene

Chemistry 30 (8 decks)

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