Unit 6 Flashcards
What is the location, size, and character of the Isle of Purbeck?
Original Answer: The Isle of Purbeck is a peninsula in Dorset, England, bordered by the English Channel to the south. It spans approximately 60 square miles and features a mix of natural beauty, such as the Jurassic Coast (a UNESCO World Heritage site), and human activity, including farming, quarrying, and tourism. The area is known for its rural charm, small villages like Corfe Castle, and landmarks like Durdle Door.
Simple Terms Answer: The Isle of Purbeck is a peninsula in Dorset, England. It is about 60 square miles and is known for its natural beauty, like cliffs and beaches, and small villages like Corfe Castle. Tourism, farming, and quarrying are important here.
How have issues in the Isle of Purbeck’s development affected the people who live there?
Original Answer: Development has led to rising house prices, driven by second-home buyers and demand for holiday rentals, making it difficult for local residents to afford housing. Tourism, while boosting the economy, creates seasonal jobs that lack stability. Infrastructure struggles to accommodate both locals and visitors, leading to traffic congestion and strained public services. Quarrying and other industries also pose environmental concerns, affecting quality of life.
Simple Terms Answer: House prices have gone up, so locals can’t afford homes. Tourism brings money but only creates jobs in summer. Roads and services get overcrowded, and some industries harm the environment.
How effective have the authorities’ responses been to rising house prices in the Isle of Purbeck?
Original Answer: Authorities have introduced affordable housing schemes and restrictions on second-home ownership in some areas. However, these measures are limited in scope and scale, and demand often exceeds supply. Many local families still struggle to buy or rent in the area, leading to an ongoing housing affordability crisis.
Simple Terms Answer: Authorities have tried to build cheaper homes and limit second homes, but there aren’t enough. Many locals still can’t afford housing, so the problem continues.
How effective have the authorities’ responses been to infrastructure pressures in the Isle of Purbeck?
Original Answer: Authorities have made efforts to improve infrastructure, such as upgrading public transport and enhancing road networks. However, these measures often fall short during peak tourist seasons, with roads becoming heavily congested and local services overstretched. The balance between meeting tourist needs and supporting residents remains challenging.
Simple Terms Answer: Some public transport and roads have been improved, but during busy tourist seasons, traffic and services are still a big problem for residents.
How can recent changes in the Isle of Purbeck be seen as both positive and negative?
Original Answer: Positive impacts include economic benefits from tourism, which supports local businesses and creates jobs. Investment in infrastructure has also improved some facilities. However, negatives include rising house prices, environmental degradation from over-tourism, and the challenges of seasonal employment, which limit economic stability for many residents.
Simple Terms Answer: Tourism brings money and jobs and helps improve some facilities. But house prices are too high, the environment gets damaged, and seasonal jobs don’t give stable incomes.
What is the meaning of counterurbanisation and re-urbanisation?
Original: Counterurbanisation: Movement of people from urban areas to rural areas, often for a better quality of life, lower housing costs, and less congestion. Re-urbanisation: Movement of people back into urban areas after a period of decline, often due to urban regeneration projects, better job opportunities, and cultural attractions.
Simple: Counterurbanisation: People move from cities to the countryside for a quieter life. Re-urbanisation: People return to cities because of better jobs and new housing.
Why is re-urbanisation taking place in many cities in HICs?
Original: Re-urbanisation is occurring because cities are investing in regeneration projects, creating better housing, improving public transport, providing cultural and social opportunities, and attracting businesses, which make urban areas more appealing.
Simple: Cities are becoming more attractive due to better housing, transport, jobs, and activities.
Explain the term functional zonation and explain why it is key to urban areas.
Original: Functional zonation refers to the division of urban areas into specific zones based on their purpose, such as residential, commercial, or industrial. It is key because it ensures efficient land use, reduces conflicts between land uses, and helps plan urban growth effectively.
Simple: Functional zonation means dividing a city into zones for homes, shops, or factories. It makes cities more organized and efficient.
Using examples, assess the problems and challenges facing urban areas.
Original: Cities face overcrowding, pollution, and poor housing (e.g., London’s housing crisis). Traffic jams and social issues like inequality are also common (e.g., slums in Mumbai).
Simple: Cities face overcrowding, pollution, and housing problems (e.g., London). Slums, traffic, and inequality are other challenges (e.g., Mumbai).
Describe the characteristic functions of the Central Business District (CBD).
Original: CBDs are the commercial and economic hubs of cities. They feature high land values, dense high-rise buildings, offices, retail outlets, entertainment, and transport links. Examples: Times Square in New York, the City of London.
Simple: CBDs have offices, shops, and tall buildings. It’s the city’s business hub, like Times Square in New York.
What are the potential advantages and disadvantages for retailing businesses in locating on the periphery of urban areas rather than centrally?
Original: Advantages: Cheaper land, larger spaces, easier parking, and proximity to suburban customers. Disadvantages: Less foot traffic, fewer impulse purchases, and reduced visibility compared to central locations.
Simple: Advantages: Cheap land and more space. Disadvantages: Fewer customers and less visibility.
Explain the meaning of the terms low order goods and services and high order goods and services.
Original: Low-order goods and services: Inexpensive, frequently purchased items, such as groceries or newspapers. High-order goods and services: Expensive, less frequently purchased items, such as cars, furniture, or luxury items.
Simple: Low-order goods: Cheap items bought often, like bread. High-order goods: Expensive items bought less often, like cars.
Explain the term “bid-rent” in relation to urban land-use.
Original: Bid-rent refers to the varying amounts people are willing to pay for land depending on its distance from the city center. Land near the CBD is most expensive due to higher accessibility and demand, whereas land costs decrease further out.
Simple: Land near the city center costs more because it’s closer to shops and services, while land farther out is cheaper.
Describe the location and character of manufacturing industry within an urban area
Original: Manufacturing industries are often located in industrial zones near transport links, such as railways or ports, for easy movement of goods and materials. In many cities, older manufacturing areas have shifted to peripheral locations due to cheaper land and fewer zoning restrictions.
Simple: Factories are near transport links like railways for easy shipping. Many factories now move to city edges for cheaper land.
Describe and explain the problems and challenges faced by cities in LICs.
Original: Cities in LICs face overcrowding, inadequate housing (e.g., slums like Dharavi in Mumbai), poor sanitation, limited access to clean water, traffic congestion, and unemployment. Rapid urbanisation often overwhelms infrastructure and public services.
Simple: LIC cities face slums, traffic, poor housing, and job shortages (e.g., Dharavi in Mumbai).
