Unit 6 Flashcards
Nucleotide consists of what three parts
Sugar, phosphate, a base that carries the genetic code
bases for RNA
AUCG
bases for DNA
ATCG
where does transcription take place?
Nucleus
what happens during transcription
DNA is copied into mRNA
what does the T stand for?
Thymine
what does the U stand for?
uracil
where does translation happen?
Ribosome
what happens during translation
The code in the mRNA is translated into a protein
Silent mutation
No change in amino acid
missense mutation
Only one amino acid change
nonsense mutation
Adds a stop in the wrong place, so every amino acid after the stop codon won’t be made
frameshift mutation
Insertion or deletion
the function of mRNA is
Travel to the ribosome from the nucleus with instructions
does DNA or RNA contain thymine
DNA
does DNA or RNA contain uracil
RNA
deoxyribose sugar is in which type of nucleotide
DNA
ribose sugar is in what type of nucleotide
RNA
what is the major difference between artificial selection, and genetic engineering of crops?
Artificial breeding takes many generations to make large changes and plants and genetic engineering does not
this landmark achievement, mapped out the DNA sequence for every gene and a human cell
Human genome project
what is CRISPR
A gene editing technology that allows scientists to make changes to a single nucleotide base in a living organism
plasmids can typically be found in __________, and they are used in __________ ___ __________
Bacteria, recombinant DNA technology
