Unit 6 Flashcards
What is an automated system
combination of software and hardware that is designed to run without human intervention
advantages of automated systems in industrial applications
faster than a human operator
safer
likely to run under optimum conditions
in the long run is less expensive
efficient use of materials
higher productivity
consistent results
disadvantages of automated systems in industrial applications
expensive to set up initially
possible for set of conditions to occur that were never considered during testing
subject to cyberattaks
need enhanced maintenance which is expensive
advantages of automated systems in transport
avoids traffic disruption
cars can fit into smaller spaces
fewer dents and scratches
safer system that monitors all objects
very consistent resultsq
disadvantages of automated systems in transport
over reliance of system by drive
faulty and dirty sensors can send wrong information
expensive option
requires additional maintenance to make sure it functions
advantages of automated systems in aagriculture
reduced labour costs
better and more efficient control of the irrigation process
better control of precious resources
safer than human monitoring
different growing conditions can be maintained simultaneously
disadvantages of automated systems in agricultureq
expensive to set up initially
high maintenance costs
increased need to maintain water channels to ensure the system works correctly at all times
advantages of automated systems in weather stations
provide better forecasting options
provide accurate and frequent readings
low power requirements
advantages of automated systems in gaming
allows increased human interaction with the game
leads to immersive games experience
advantages of automated systems in lighting
control light sources automatically
reduced energy consumption
wireless connections can be chosen which are much safer
longer bulb life
new light displays can be programmed
disadvantages of automated systems in lighting
expensive to set up
wireless connections can be less reliable than wired
requires maintenance which can be expensive
advantages of automated systems in science
more consistent results
less dangerous
faster results
automatic analysis of the results is possible
fewer people needed for each experiment
disadvantages of automated systems in science
less flexible
security risks are always present
equipment can be expensive to buy
advantages of AI in automated system
access and store vast amounts of facts
able to learn from huge amounts of data
able to see patterns
disadvantages of AI in automated system
change in skills set
dependent on the data that trains it
what is robotics
the branch of computer science that incorporates the design, construction and operation of robots
where can robots be used
in factories
at home as cleaners
drones for parcels or reconaissance
what are the characteristics of a robot
mechanical structures made up of many parts
contrain electrical components such as sensors, microprocessors and actuators
they are programmable to allow the robot to do certain tasks
role of robots in industry
they are very good at repetitive tasks in industry such as manafacturing
advantages of robots in industry
capable of working in conditions that may be hazardous to humans
dont need to stop
less expensive in the long run
more productive
more consistent
more suited to boring tasks
disadvantages of robots in industry
find it difficult to do non-standard tasks
lead to higher unemployment
expensive to buy and set up
role of robots in transport
process data from sensors and change gears, apply brakes or turn the steering wheel
advantages of autonomous vehicles
safer since human error is removed
better for the environment
reduce traffic congestion
reduced travel times
disadvantages of autonomous vehicles
very expensive to set up
can be hacked
security and safety issues
need to make sure system is well maintained at all time
role of robots in trains
sensors and cameras are used to help control the train and maintain safety
advantages of autonomous trains
improves the punctuality of trains
reduced running costs
improved safety
minimises energy consumption
possivle to increase the frequency of trains
easier to change train scheduling
disadvantages of autonomous systems
can be hacked
high costs
required CCTV to monitor railway stations
Roles that autonomous systems can play in agriculture
harvesting
weed control
phenotyping
seed planting
autonomous labour saving devices
advantages of autonomous systems in agriculture
designed to do labour intensive owrk
seed planting can be done more accurately
efficient fertilizer spread
role of robots in medicine
can be used in surgical procedures
disinfection of rooms
monitor patients
prosthetic limbs
role of domestic robots
autonomous vacuum cleaners
personal assitants
lawnmowers
role of robots in entertainment
used in theme parks to entertain visitors
robots to control cameras
perform stunts for movies
can produce special effects
What is AI
Artificial intelligence is a branch of computer science dealing with the simulation of intelligent human behaviour by a computer
How does AI work
they contain rules and data
they are able to reason( take data and apply it to different situations)
since they can reason they can also use old information to adapt and make predictions by seeing patters
expert systems
a computer system that mimics the decision making ability of a human
use AI to simulate the judgement and behaviour of humans
what is machine learning
training computers with sample data so that they can go on to make predictions about new data
components of expert systems
have a knowledge base, a rule base, an inference engine and an interface
what does machine learning have the ability to do
automatically adapt its own processes or data
advantages of expert systems
high accuracy
results are consistent
can store vast amounts of ideas and facts
fast response times
disadvantages of expert systems
needs considerable training time to ensure the system is used correctly
costs are high
only as good as the information entered
what is the inference engine in expert systems
acts like a search engine that examines the knowledge base
what is the knowledge base in expert systems
stores all the data and facts
what are inference rules and where are they stored in expert systems
in the rules base
used by the inference engine to draw conclusions
difference between machine learning and expert systems
expert systems are machines that are capable of thinking like humans
machine learning is when machines are able to learn through data acquisition and solve new problems
