Unit 6 Flashcards
Extrinsic variability assumes behavioral variability is not: _____
Inherent to the individual
Experimentation is the basic strategy to: _____
Collect and test information
Experimental design: Specific arrangement of: _____
Environmental conditions within an experiment
Experimental control is demonstrated when behavior changes in: _____
Predictable and orderly manner
Internal validity: Extent to which: _____
DV is attributed to IV manipulation
External validity: Extent to which results are: _____
Extended to individuals, settings, or behaviors
History, maturation, testing, instrumentation, diffusion of treatment, etc.: Examples of: _____
Threats to internal validity
Threat to internal validity:
Other events or changes coincide with IV introduction: _____
History
Threat to internal validity:
Natural development or learning experiences coincide with IV: _____
Maturation
Threat to internal validity:
DV changes from repeated exposure to experimental arrangements: _____
Testing
Threat to internal validity:
Changes in data due to measurement system: _____
Instrumentation
Threat to internal validity:
Inadvertent exposure of treatment to control: _____
Diffusion of treatment
Threat to internal validity:
Changes due to baseline not representing natural state of events: _____
Regression towards the mean
Threat to internal validity:
Participant assignments may bias the outcome: _____
Selection bias
Threat to internal validity:
Loss of participants may influence effects of a study: _____
Attrition
Extraneous variables:
Unrelated events to the: _____
IV that may affect the DV
Confounds: Uncontrolled variables that influence the: _____
Dependent variable
Confounds can be: _____
Known or suspected
Multiple-treatment interference: Analysis results are affected by: _____
2 or more treatments being combined
Sequence effects:
DV effects attributed to: _____
Order of experimental conditions
Carryover effects:
Behavior patterns: _____
Extend from 1 condition into a subsequent condition
Demonstrative analysis:
Seeks to determine: _____
If an intervention is effective
Parametric analysis:
Analyzes: _____
Effects of various levels of the IV
Component analysis:
Identifies: _____
Which part of a compound IV is producing behavior change
Comparative analysis:
Analyzes differential effects of: _____
2 or more IVs on the DV
Group designs:
Different individuals in the: _____
Experimental and control conditions
Single-case designs:
Individuals serve: _____
As their own control
Single-case designs:
Observed through: _____
Repeated observations over time
Baseline:_____
Measure of DV before implementing IV
Phase change: Moving from: _____
1 set of environmental conditions to another
Baseline logic compares: _____
Predicted and actual values of behavior
Baseline logic: 3 parts: _____
Prediction, verification, replication
Baseline logic helps determine: _____
Effects of the IV
A-B design: _____
1 baseline is followed by 1 intervention phase
Reversal design: _____
Baseline and experimental conditions alternate
2 variables of experimentation: _____
Independent & dependent variable
Experimental designs seek to demonstrate a: _____
Functional relation
2 types of validity in experimental design: _____
Internal and external validity
Confounds in experimental design:
M _____
Multiple-treatment interference
Confounds in experimental design:
S _____
Sequence effects
Confounds in experimental design:
C _____
Carryover effects
Group designs:
Control is: _____
Between groups
Group designs:
IV exposure in: _____
1 condition
Group designs:
Numbers/observations: _____
Large numbers, few observations
Group designs:
Data analysis through: _____
Statistics
Group designs:
IV introduction is: _____
Randomized and matched
Group designs:
Generalization through: _____
Random selection and assignment
Single-case designs:
Control is: _____
Within individuals
Single-case designs:
IV exposure in: _____
All conditions
Single-case designs:
Numbers/observations: _____
Small numbers, many observations
Single-case designs:
Data analysis through: _____
Visual analysis
Single-case designs:
IV introduction when: _____
DV is stable
Single-case designs:
Generalization through: _____
Replication
Basis for all other experimental designs: _____
A-B design
