Unit 5: water Flashcards
How are hydrogen bonds diagrammed?
with dotted lines
What is the shape of an ice crystal?
a hexagon
Why does ice float?
The molecules spread out into a hexagonal crystal and there is empty space inside the hexagon, making it less dense than water.
Because water is polar, how does it interact with other substances?
It can induce a dipole on nonpolar molecules, dissolving a small amount of the nonpolar substance into the water.
It can stick to other polar molecules.
It can dissolve ionic compounds.
adhesion
the ability to stick to something else
cohesion
the ability of something to stick to itself
capillary action
the ability of water to climb up a thin tube (because of adhesion and cohesion)
What is weird about the density of H2O?
Solid H2O is less dense than liquid H2O. That’s not true of most substances!
Surface tension
stronger bonds at the surface of a liquid cause a “film”
specific heat
the amount of energy needed to raise 1 gram of a substance by 1 degree Celcius
heat of vaporization
the amount of energy needed to vaporize one gram of a substance
