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Understanding The Self > UNIT 5: The Self From Eastern And Western Perspective > Flashcards

UNIT 5: The Self From Eastern And Western Perspective Flashcards

1
Q

Buddhism, Confucianism,
Hinduism, Integral Yoga, Islam,
Taoism, Zen

A

EASTERN
PHILOSOPHY

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2
Q

Christianity, Rational, Scientific,
Logical schools

A

WESTERN
PHILOSOPHY

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3
Q

Eastern Philosophy VS Western Philosophy

A
  1. Main Principles
  2. Living Principles
  3. The “Me” Concept”
  4. Search for Absolute Truth
  5. Goals and Key to Success
  6. Search for Truth and
  7. Fundamental Research
    Individualism/ Collectivism
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4
Q

Main Principle of east vs west

A

EAST
❑ Cosmological Unity
❑ Life is a journey
towards eternal
realities
❑ Circular View of the
universe
❑ Behavioral Ethics

West
❑ Feeling of oneself as
an element of the
divine
❑ Life is a service
❑ Linear View of the
Universe
❑ Self-dedication to the
goal

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5
Q

The “Me” Concept East vs West

A

EAST
Discovering the true
me; your purpose in
the world

WEST
The true “Me” in every
human being needs to
become apparent.

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6
Q

Search for Absolute Truth EvsW

A

EAST
The truth is GIVEN but have
not been proved

WEST
The truth needs to be proved

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7
Q

Individualism VS
Collectivism EvsW

A

EAST
A human being is an integral
part of the universe and society..
Duty towards all others is a very
important matter.
COLLECTIVISM is dominant

WEST
A human being has an
individualistic nature and is an
independent part of the universe
and society. INDIVIDUALISM is
dominant.

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8
Q

Goals and Key to Success

A

EAST - SPIRITUAL
Fulfillment of duties
and responsibilities

WEST - MATERIALISTIC
Getting rich, achieving
fame, creating a lasting
legacy

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9
Q

Western concept of Self

A

Analytical
Monotheistic
Individualistic
Materialistic/ Rationalistic

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10
Q

Inclination to see
actuality as an
aggregate of parts

A

ANALYTICAL

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11
Q

Said to have originated in Classical Greece during Plato and Aristotle’s time. It studies the
nature and origin of knowledge.

A

EPISTEMOLOGY

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12
Q

Engaged in the tendency
toward unitary
explanations of phenomena
and a closed system view of
self

A

MONOTHEISTIC

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13
Q

It seeks to understand God
and His relationship with man
through reason and logic.

A

Christian Philosophy

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14
Q

Quality of Western thinking
where self-expression and selfactualization are essential ways
of establishing who one is, as
well as discovering satisfaction
in the world

A

INDIVIDUALISTIC

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15
Q

Often associated with Friedrich
Nietzsche (1844-1900). It challenges religious doctrines and traditions and views life as having no purpose; man is not to waste time finding meaning.

A

Western Nihilism

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16
Q

The goal is to become an
________________. This is
achieved when an individual lives
according to his/her purpose and
values, not at the expectations of
society

A

Ubermensch (superman)

17
Q

Discredit explanations
that do not use
analytic-deductive
modes of thinking

A

MATERIALISTIC

18
Q

Founded in 3rd Century BC by
Zeno of Cithium and spread
throughout Greece. Its goal of
denial of self is quite similar to
Buddhism

A

Stoicism

19
Q

The goal of Stoicism is

A

freedom
from passion (“anguish” or
“suffering”) through the pursuit of reason and “apatheia”
(objectiveness, lack of emotion);
to recognize the commanality of
all men

20
Q

Eastern Concept of Self

A

Confucianism
Taoism
Buddhism

21
Q

Story of the 3 vinegar tasters

A

Three men were tasting a
pot of vinegar. Each has acquired a
different taste; sour, bitter, and
sweet. Each man represents one of
the three prominent teachings of
Chinese wisdom—Confucianism,
Buddhism, and Taoism—and the
vinegar represents the “essence of
life.

21
Q

Propagated by Confucius in the 6th5th Century BC. It was the state
religion of China for over two
millenia

the importance of identifying oneself to
the community. Self Cultivation,
the development of one’s life
through living ethically and
following rules, is the purpose of life

A

Confucianism

22
Q

FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLES OF CONFUCIANISM

A

LI
HSIAO
YI
XIN
JEN
CHUNG

23
Q

principle of
self-restraint . It
includes
following social
etiquette and
mannerisms

A

LI

24
Q

love for the
immediate family
and then society. If
every family is
united and happy,
the society will
prosper.

A

HSIAO

24
Q

principle of
righteousness. It is
upholding what is
right above
everything else and
sacrificing oneself for
it, if need be.

A

YI

24
Q

principle of
honesty in life.
Being honest with
oneself and being
honest with the
people around you
builds trust and
confidence.

A

XIN

25
Q

most
important of all
principles. It
means being kind
and humane to
your fellow
beings.

A

JEN

26
Q

loyalty to
one’s family and to
one’s country. It is a
quality which binds
a country strongly
together.

A

Chung

27
Q

Propagated by Siddharta Gautama in India in the 5th Century BC. It
spread into China by the 4th Century BC becoming the third of the major
religions there

A

Buddhism

28
Q

Buddhism teaches the importance of reaching __________. It can only be achieved through the denial of oneself
and to overcome passions and desires

A

Nirvana or removal of
suffering (Dukkha)

29
Q
  • Propagated by the semi-legendary Lao Tzu in the 6th Century BC. Its teachings are respected by both Confucianism and Buddhism
  • upholds that humans and animals should live in balance with the Tao, or the universe.
  • believe in spiritual immortality, where the
    spirit of the body joins the universe after death.
A

Taoism

30
Q

3 Jewels of Taoism

A

Compassion
Moderation
Humilty

31
Q

The principle of _____________ is
that all things exist as inseparable
and contradictory opposites, for
example, female-male, dark-light
and old-young. The pairs of equal
opposites attract and complement
each other

A

Yin and Yang

Understanding The Self (7 decks)

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