Unit 5: States of Consciousness Flashcards
Modules: 22 - Understanding Consciousness and Hypnosis 23 - Sleep Patterns and Sleep Theories 24 - Sleep Deprivation, Sleep Disorders, and Dreams 25 - Psychoactive Drugs
Consciousness
Our awareness of ourselves and our environment.
Hypnosis
A social interaction in which one person (the subject) responds to another person’s (the hypnotist’s) suggestions that certain perceptions, feelings, thoughts, or behaviors will spontaneously occur.
Posthypnotic Suggestion
A suggestion, made during a hypnosis session, to be carried out after the subject is no longer hypnotized; used by some clinicians to help control undesired symptoms and behaviors.
Dissociation
A split in consciousness, which allows some thoughts and behaviors to occur simultaneously with others.
Circadian Rhythm
The biological clock; regular bodily rhythms that occur on a 24-hour cycle.
REM Sleep (Paradoxical Sleep)
Rapid eye movement sleep; a recurring sleep stage during which vivid dreams commonly occur. Known as this because the muscles are relaxed but other body systems are active.
Alpha Waves
The relatively slow brain waves of a relaxed, awake state.
Sleep
Periodic, natural loss of consciousness as distinct from unconsciousness resulting from a coma, general anesthesia, or hibernation.
Hallucinations
False sensory experiences, such as seeing something in the absence if an external visual stimulus.
Delta Waves
The large, slow brain waves associated with deep sleep.
NREM Sleep
Non-rapid eye movement sleep; encompasses all sleep stages except for REM sleep.
Suprachiasmatic Nucleus (SCN)
A pair of cell clusters in the hypothalamus that controls circadian rhythm. In response to light, this causes the pineal gland to adjust melatonin production, thus modifying out feelings of sleepiness.
Insomnia
Recurring problems in falling or staying asleep.
Narcolepsy
A sleep disorder characterized by uncontrollable sleep attacks. The sufferer may lapse directly into REM sleep, often at inopportune times.
Sleep Apnea
A sleep disorder characterized temporary cessations of breathing during sleep and repeated momentary awakenings.