Unit 5: Revolutions (1200-1450)

Question 1

What was the Enlightenment?

Answer 1

The Age of Enlightenment was an intellectual and philosophical movement that dominated the world of ideas in Europe during the 17th to 19th centuries.

Question 2

Who fought for feminism?

Answer 2

• The French writer Olympe de Gouges fought for women’s rights in the era of the French Revolution by writing the “Declaration of the Rights of Woman and of the Female Citizen”
• Mary Wollstonecraft published “A Vindication on the Rights of Women.” In it, she argued that females should receive the same education as males.
• In Seneca Falls, New York, activists gathered to promote women’s right and suffrage
• In the UK, women won full right to vote in 1928.

Question 3

Describe the rise of Zionism.

Answer 3

• Zionism: the desire of Jews to reestablish an independent homeland where their ancestors had lived in the Middle East.
• After centuries of battling anti-Semitism, hostility towards Jews waned.

Question 4

Describe the French Revolution.

Answer 4

• In France in the 1780s, a crowd in Paris stormed the Bastille, a former prison that symbolizes the abuses of the monarchy and the aristocracy. This day became known as French Independence Day.
• The Reign of Terror: a period during which the government executed thousands of opponents of the revolution, including the king and queen began.
• After a period of turmoil and war, Napoleon Bonaparte became emperor of France in 1804.