Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

AP Gov > Unit 5: Political Participation > Flashcards

Unit 5: Political Participation Flashcards

1
Q

14th amendment

A

ensures equal protection under the law preventing states from enacting discrimantory practices on a persons ability to vote

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

15th amendment

A

citizens wont be denied access to voting due to race, color ,or previous condition of servitude

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

17th amdnment

A

senators are chose by popular vote

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

19th amendmnet

A

women can vote

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

24th amendmnet

A

no more poll taxes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

26th amendmnet

A

citizens 18 or older can vote

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

rational choice voting

A

occurs when a vote revires the ssues or candidate, evaluates campaign promises and decides to vote in a way that benefits them the most

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

retrospective voting

A

a voter looks back at the candidates track records

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

prospective voting

A

a voter anticipates what might happen in the future, considering the promises and the platform that may impact the voter’s life moving foward

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

straight ticket voting

A

voter selects candidates from the same political party for all offices on the ballot

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

structural barriers to voting

A

voting registration
voter id laws
election day issues
disenfranchisement
gerrymandering

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

voter registration

A

most states require enrollment 30 days in advance
different rules in different states
federalsim: both state and federal laws

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

voter id laws

A

burden to the poor and to certain demographics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

election day issues

A

long poll lines
people at work

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

political effiacy

A

citizens’ trust in their ability to change the government

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

linkage institutions

A

a structure within a society that connects the people to the government
political parties, elections, the media, ect

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

interest groups

A

An organization of people sharing a common interest or goal that seeks to influence the making of public policy.
use litigation to set precendent

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

how are elections a linkage institution

A

give “we the people” the most direct way to influence our government and its decisions through voting and donations

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

how the media is a linkage institution

A

voice opinions
provide news
act as watchdog

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

republican plaform

A

liberty, economic prosperity, preserving American values and traditions, and restoring the American dream

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

democratic party platform

A

emphasizes social and economic equality, advocating for policies such as affordable healthcare through programs like the Affordable Care Act, climate change action, and renewable energy investments

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Candidate-centered campaigns

A

are electoral strategies that focus on the individual candidate rather than the political party as a whole.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Critical elections

A

eletions that reveal sharp, lasting changes in loyalties to politcal partues

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Proportional representation

A

each party running receives the proportion of legislative seats corresponding to its proportion of the vote.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

winner take all system

A

an electoral process where the candidate who receives the most votes in a particular state wins all of that state’s electoral votes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

two party system

A

a political party system in which two major political parties consistently dominate the political landscape

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

third party agendas

A

to the set of issues, policies, and priorities that are championed by political parties outside of the two dominant parties.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

independent candidate

A

a political candidate who does not belong to any established political party and runs for office without formal affiliation

29
Q

lobbying

A

the process by which individuals or groups, often organized as interest groups, attempt to influence government decision-making and policy outcomes.

30
Q

free-riders

A

An individual who does not to join a group representing his or her interests yet receives the benefit of the group’s influence

31
Q

single issue groups

A

an organization that focuses exclusively on one specific area of public policy, advocacy, or concern

32
Q

political Realignment

A

refers to a significant and lasting shift in the electoral support and ideological orientation of political parties, often resulting in the emergence of new coalitions and the restructuring of party systems.
occurs during critical elections
can reflect changes in public opinion, demographics, and political priorities

33
Q

incumbency advantage

A

the benefits that current officeholders have over challengers in elections, making it easier for them to win reelection from factors such as name recognition, established donor networks, and the ability to leverage their position

34
Q

open primary

A

allows all registered voters to pick a candidate from any political party.

35
Q

closed primary

A

registered members of political parties may vote for their respective party’s candidates i

36
Q

caucuses

A

meetings of members of a political party or faction to discuss and decide on policies, strategies, and candidate selections.

37
Q

party convention

A

large gatherings organized by political parties to nominate candidates for public office, particularly the presidency.

38
Q

Delegates

A

chosen at party primaries and caucuses who are committed to supporting a specific candidate at the party’s national convention to determine the nominee for president,

39
Q

general elections

A

elections determine which candidates will hold public office, including members of Congress,

40
Q

Midterm Elections

A

the general elections that occur in the middle of a president’s four-year term, determine the composition of Congress

41
Q

how many votes needed to win presidenecy

A

270

42
Q

Modern Campaigns

A

less reliant on political parties and are increasingly candidate-centered
hiring of professional political consultants

43
Q

Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act (2002)

A

aimed to regulate the financing of political campaigns in the United States
sought to eliminate soft money contributions to national political parties and impose stricter limits on individual contributions

44
Q

political action committee

A

organizations that raise and spend money to elect or defeat political candidates

45
Q

superpacs

A

‘independent expenditure-only committees,’ are organizations that can raise and spend unlimited amounts of money to influence elections.

46
Q

Soft Money

A

political contributions that are made to political parties for purposes other than supporting a specific candidate, often used for party-building activities, such as increasing voter registration or sustaining local parties.

47
Q

agenda setting

A

The power of the media through news coverage to focus the public’s attention and concern on particular events, problems, issues, personalities, and so on

48
Q

Horse-race journalism

A

the treatment of political campaigns, particularly elections, focusing primarily on who is ahead or behind in polls and predictions rather than on policy issues or candidate qualifications

49
Q

Citizens United v. Federal Election Commission

A

ruled that corporations and unions can spend unlimited amounts of money on political campaigns, as long as they do so independently of a candidate’s campaign due to the free speech clause of the first amendment

50
Q

increasing voter turnout

A

upgrade technoligy
absentee ballots
early voting

51
Q

demographics

A

can be used to predict who will vote and who for

52
Q

religion

A

catholics and jews: lean left, but mixture of both
evangelicals: right

53
Q

gender

A

women: lean left bc they oppose harsh ounishments, less war prone, and favor go spenind on welfare
men: opposite

54
Q

ethnicities

A

latio: lean left
asians: lean right

55
Q

political parties as a linkage institution

A

persuading people to vitre
educate voters
encourage people to get involved in the campaign process

56
Q

political parties in government

A

create policy, pass legislation, exapand power through nominations
gerymandering

57
Q

purpose of theird parties

A

draw attention to issues, influence the major parties platofrms

58
Q

electioneering

A

the process by which political groups convince voters to cast ballots for or against particular candidates, parties, or issues.

59
Q

iron triangles

A

promote certain policy goals in exchange for smth that will benefit the group implementing siad policy

60
Q

issue networks

A

connect group with similar groups to make a more powerful influence

61
Q

who are elections run by

A

states
FEDERALISM

62
Q

how state electoral votes are counted

A

votes transported to washington
vp and speaker of house count them before a joint session

63
Q

how the electoral college facilitates democracy

A

candidates must campaign in most states rather than ust heavily populated ones
guarenees a consesus presided with wide supoort

64
Q

federal election comission

A

in charge of regulating campaign finance laws

65
Q

who is limited in their contribution to candidate campaigns

A

individuals, corporations, labor unions, and PACs

66
Q

who is unlimited in outside spendin on an election

A

superPACs and charotable organizations

67
Q

how media influences poliical participation

A

provides info on candiadtes and their policies
mobilizes voters
facilitate discusisions
organize movements

68
Q

ideoligcally oriented programming

A

people view different info based on what source they watch to confirm their bias

69
Q

consumer-driven media

A

media traded credibility for profitability, focusing on a certian grouo to share news to

AP Gov (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions