Unit 4 American Political Ideology

Question 1

core values

Answer 1

are fundamental beliefs or guiding principles that shape the behavior and decisions of voting

Question 2

individualism

Answer 2

giving priority to one’s own goals over group goals and defining one’s identity in terms of personal attributes rather than group identifications

Question 3

equality of opportunity

Answer 3

individuals have the same ability to access and the chance of receiving particular resources, such as employment, housing, or education, without discrimination based on irrelevant factors such as age, race, religion, or gender.

Question 4

free enterprise

Answer 4

The ability of individual people and businesses to make money with minimal interference by the government.

Question 5

rule of law

Answer 5

the principle that all individuals and institutions, including the government, are subject to and accountable under the law

Question 6

political culture

Answer 6

The widely shared beliefs, values, and norms about how citizens relate to governments and to one another

Question 7

political socialization

Answer 7

the process in which people develop their political values, beliefs, attitudes and ideology

Question 8

generational effects

Answer 8

refer to the distinct attitudes, beliefs, and behaviors that are shaped by the experiences and events that influence a particular generation. These effects play a significant role in political ideology

Question 9

lifestyle effects

Answer 9

refer to the various changes in attitudes, beliefs, and behaviors that individuals experience as they progress through different stages of life, effecting political ideology

Question 10

scientific polling

Answer 10

a method of measuring public opinion through structured surveys that use statistical techniques to ensure accuracy and representativeness.

Question 11

public opinion polls

Answer 11

interviews or surveys with samples of citizens that are used to estimate the feelings and beliefs of the entire population

Question 12

benchmark polls

Answer 12

. initial poll on a candidate and issues on which campaign strategy is based and against which later polls are compared

Question 13

tracking polls

Answer 13

Tracks opinions over time

Question 14

entrance/exit polls

Answer 14

a type of opinion poll that is conducted during elections to measure the opinions and attitudes of voters before/after voting

Question 15

polling universe

Answer 15

set of people that a particular poll is meant to represent

Question 16

random sample

Answer 16

a method of poll selection that gives each person in a group the same chance of being selected

Question 17

representative sample

Answer 17

a sample from a larger group that accurately represents the characteristics of a larger population

Question 18

mass survey

Answer 18

A way to measure public opinion by interviewing a large sample of the population.

Question 19

focus group

Answer 19

a way to collect data in which a group of participants gathers to share knowledge, voices, opinions, beliefs, and attitudes about a specific topic or concept

Question 20

sampling error

Answer 20

refers to the discrepancy between the results obtained from a sample and the actual characteristics of the population from which the sample was obtained

Question 21

reliability of data

Answer 21

consistency and dependability of data or results over time

Question 22

veracity of data

Answer 22

the accuracy and truthfulness of the information collected

Question 23

political ideologies

Answer 23

a certain set of ethical ideals, principles, doctrines, myths or symbols of a social movement, institution, class or large group that explains how society should work and offers some political and cultural blueprint for a certain social order.

Question 24

political spectrum

Answer 24

a system to characterize and classify different political positions in relation to one another

Question 25

liberal ideology

Answer 25

believe that the government that the government should intervene in social issues to prevent inequality and injustice

Question 26

conservative ideology

Answer 26

believe that government should be small. They favor minimal government interference in the economy and prefer private sector-based solutions to problem
government should uphold traditional morality

Question 27

moderate s

Answer 27

political views or policies that fall in between the extremes of the ideological spectrum

Question 28

political polarization

Answer 28

a prominent division or conflict that forms between major groups in a society or political system and that is marked by the clustering and radicalization of views and beliefs at two distant and antagonistic poles

Question 29

democratic party

Answer 29

A political ideology that emphasizes individual rights, social justice, and a more active role for the government in addressing economic inequalities.

Question 30

republican party

Answer 30

A political ideology that emphasizes tradition, limited government, and individual liberties,

Question 31

regulation of the marketplace

Answer 31

the set of rules and laws imposed by governments to control and manage economic activities within a marketplace.

Question 32

libertarian ideology

Answer 32

disfavor any governmental intervention beyond protecting private property and individual liberty

Question 33

voluntary trade

Answer 33

a free and unregulated exchange of goods and services

Question 34

keynesian economics

Answer 34

believe that the government should increase spending during recessions to stimulate demand and boost economic growth

Question 35

supply side economics

Answer 35

boosting economic growth by increasing the supply of goods and services.

Question 36

monetary policy

Answer 36

the Federal Reserve’s actions and communications to promote maximum employment, stable prices, and moderate long-term interest rates

Question 37

fiscal policy

Answer 37

using government spending and taxation to influence the economy

Question 38

federal reserve board

Answer 38

the central banking system of the United States.

Question 39

economic equality

Answer 39

a state in which individuals and groups have similar access to economic resources, opportunities, and wealth.

Question 40

globalization

Answer 40

immigrants bring their cultural and political ideas