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Biology Advanced > Unit 5 Notes 1, 2, 3 > Flashcards

Unit 5 Notes 1, 2, 3 Flashcards

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1
Q

heterotroph

A

cannot make their own food, must eat plants and animals for energy

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2
Q

autotroph

A

can make their own food through photosynthesis

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3
Q

adenosine triphosphate

A

atp

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4
Q

what does ATP stand for

A

adenosine triphosphate

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5
Q

where is ATP produced and stored

A

mitochondria

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6
Q

what does ATP do

A

carries energy

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7
Q

what is ATP made up of

A

one adenine molecule, a ribose sugar, and three phosphates

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8
Q

where is the energy in ATP stored

A

bonds, most between second and third phosphate

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9
Q

adenosine diphosphate

A

adp

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10
Q

what does adp stand for

A

adenosine diphosphate

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11
Q

how is adp formed

A

ATP loses a phosphate group

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12
Q

how does ATP release energy

A

bond between second and third phosphate breaks and releases energy

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13
Q

catabolism

A

chemical reactions where molecules are broken down

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14
Q

anabolism

A

chemical reactions where molecules are built

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15
Q

metabolism

A

all chemical reactions in your body

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16
Q

exergonic

A

reactions that release energy

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17
Q

endergonic

A

reactions that require energy

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18
Q

phosphorylation

A

adding a phosphate group

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19
Q

hydrolysis

A

breaking down a molecule by adding water

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20
Q

what do chloroplasts do

A

change energy from the sun into chemical energy

21
Q

what does chlorophyll do

A

helps a plant gather the sun’s energy

22
Q

why do leaves change color

A

chlorophyll breaks down in fall due to less sunlight and accessory pigments show through

23
Q

examples of accessory pigments

A

xanthophyll, carotene

24
Q

thylakoids

A

small sacs stacked on top of each other in chloroplast

25
Q

what do thylakoids do

A

stores chlorophyll

26
Q

granum

A

stack of thylakoids, grana plural

27
Q

stroma

A

fluid that fills chloroplast

28
Q

chemical formula for photosynthesis

A

6CO2 + 6H2O → C6H12O6 + 6O2

29
Q

reactants in photosynthesis

A

carbon dioxide and water

30
Q

products in photosynthesis

A

glucose and oxygen

31
Q

reactants

A

things going into a chemical reaction

32
Q

products

A

things produced in a chemical reaction

33
Q

stomata

A

small openings on underside of leaves that allow for gas exchange

34
Q

where do the light reactions occur

A

thylakoids

35
Q

what goes into light reactions

A

water

36
Q

what comes out of light reactions

A

oxygen

37
Q

what is adp+p converted to during light reactions

A

atp

38
Q

what is nadp+ converted into during light reactions

A

nadph

39
Q

what is nadp+

A

coenzyme that carries electrons

40
Q

where does the Calvin cycle occur

A

stroma

41
Q

does the Calvin cycle need light

A

no

42
Q

what goes into the Calvin cyle

A

carbon dioxide

43
Q

what comes out of the calvin cycle

A

glucose

44
Q

what is ATP converted into during the Calvin cycle

A

adp+p

45
Q

what is nadph converted into during the Calvin cycle

A

nadp+

46
Q

what does the light reaction give off extra of

A

electrons

47
Q

where does the energy flow during photosynthesis

A

starts from the sun, goes into chloroplasts and into thylakoids, converted into ATP, then used to make sugar

48
Q

what is used to make glucose during the calvin cycle

A

carbon and atp

49
Q

how do light waves work

A

color reflected is the color you see and every other color is absorbed

Biology Advanced (3 decks)

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