Unit 5: Nazi polices towards the Jews 1933-37

Question 1

aims?

Answer 1

1. Voluntary migration
   - drive 500,000 German Jews out
2. Education of German people ➡️agree with racial purity

Question 1

boycott of Jewish shops?

Answer 1

• imposed April 1st (justified due to German boycotts aborad)
• Goebbels enforced extreme propaganda to maximise impact ➡️ SA stood outside to intimidate customers
  ✅ national + international news
  ❌
• ABANDONED AFTER ONE DAY
• unclear what Jewish business was (half Jewish owned)
• many used Jewish shops in defiance of regime
• H was anxious to keep the SA under control and concerned about adverse reactions for his conservative allies or foreign opinion

Question 2

the Civil Service Laws in 1933?

Answer 2

• April 1933, The Law for the Restoration of the Professional Civil Service ➡️ Jews had to be dismissed from the civil service
• people considered non-aryan if neither of their parents or grandparents were aryan
• Hindenburg insisted on exemptions for Germans Jews who served in WW1 and whose fathers had been killed ➡️ applied to 2/3rds of Jews in Civil Service (respected until his death in 1934)
  ✅Devastating economic and psychological impact on middle-class Jews in Germany + contributed to increased Jewish emigration

Question 3

further anti-Semitic legislation?

Answer 3

• 1933: 16% and 60% of non aryan lawyers weer allowed to continue working in spite of new regulations (exclusion of lawyers was slow over long time)
• > 10% of doctors were Jews (attacked by prop of them being a danger to society)
• prop of Jewish Dr’s treating aryans with inappropriate and malicious actions
• April 1933: Ban of Jewish Dr’s (only allowed to treat Jews)
• 1933: Law against Overcrowding of German Schools and Universities restricted the number of Jewish children who could attend
• 1935: the Reich Press Law enabled the regime to apply strict censorship

Question 4

what were the Nuremberg Laws of 1935?

Answer 4

• many believed H had not prosecuted Jews far enough
• Nuremberg rally 1935 H said that the Communist International had declared war on Nazism
• 15th Sept laws introduced:
• the Reich Citizenship Law ➡️only classed as German citizen if had purely German blood
• The Law for the Protection of German Blood and Honour: outlawed marriage between Aryans and non-Aryans (later extended to any physical contact)
• Nov 1935 the First Supplementary Decree on the Reich Citizenship Law defined what constitutes a full jew ➡️ proof of ancestry became high priority for a lot of people