Unit 5: Ions Flashcards
What charge does protons have
Protons are positive so they have a charge of +1
What charge does electrons have
Electrons are negative so they have a charge of -1
How many electrons can fit into the first electron shell
2
How many electrons can fit into the second and third electrons shells
8
What charge do Atoms have
Atoms are electrically neutral so they have a charge of 0
When are atoms stable
Atoms are stable when they have a full valence shell
How do atoms try to become stable and why
Atoms try to become stable by gaining or losing electrons in order to fill up or empty their valence shell
What is an ion
An ion is an atom that carries an electric charge
Can ions have a neutral charge
Ions can either be positively charged or negatively charged
What is a positively charged on called
Cations
What is a negatively charged ion called
Anions
What are cations
Metals tend to lose electrons to form cations, Causing them to have a positive charge
What are anions
Non metals tend to gain electrons to form anions, causing them to have a negative charge
If a valence shell only has one electron, what do you do to make it an ion
If there is only one electron on the valence shall, You would take it away And give it a positive charge
(If you take away an electron it’s becomes a cation, so it’s a positive charge)
If a valence shell has 6 valence electrons, What do you do to make it an ion
If a valence shell has 8 valence electrons ,you would add 2 more valence electrons and add a negative charge
(If you add valence electrons, it’s a anion so it’s a negative charge)
