Unit 4: Types Of Atom Diagrams Flashcards
What do you put in the middle of a Borh-Rutherford diagram
Nucleus (Protons and Neutrons)
What is an atom made up of
Protons, neutrons and electrons
What rotates around the nuculous in an atom
Electrons
What is the outer most shell of an atom called
The valence shell
What are the electrons called on the valence shell
Valence electrons
What determines the charge of an atom
The valence electrons
What are the Bohr-Rutherford diagrams
The drawing of an atom that shows the amount of electrons in each shell of the atoms. They are simplified but not too simplified
How do you draw Bohr-Rutherford diagrams
Step 1: draw a circle to represent the nucleus
Step 2: in the middle of the circle, write the following:
• X number of protons (X p+)
• X number of neutrons (X n°)
Step 3: Draw a series of circles that represent the electron cells around the nucleus
Step 4: Draw electrons until each cell reaches its full capacity before moving on to the next shell until all electrons are accounted for
What is the maximum number of electrons that are able to fit into a shell
Shell : Maximum # of e-
1 : 2
2 : 8
3 : 8
What is the Lewis dot Diagram
A much simpler version of an Atom
What are the only things shown in a Lewis dot diagram
The valence electrons
How do you draw a Lewis dot diagram
Step 1: write the symbol of the element
Step 2: Place the dot(s) representing the valence electrons around the element symbol
Notes:
• Dots should be paired up
• There should never be more than 8
• There should be an electron on all 4 sides before pairing
What is the hint to determine how many balance electrons a Lewis thought diagram has
Use the periodic table to determine how many valence like hans it has by looking at the groups
Group ONE elements have 1 valance election and it goes all the way up to group EIGHTeen that has 8 valence electrons
