Unit 5 - Gases and Atmospheric Chemistry

Question 0

conjugate acid-base pair

Answer 0

an acid-base pair that differs by one proton (H+)

Question 1

conjugate base and conjugate acid

Answer 1

conjugate base is formed by removing a proton (H+) from an acid; a conjugate acid is formed by adding a proton (H+) to as base

Question 2

Boyle’s Law

Answer 2

When the temperature and amount of gas remain constant, the volume and pressure are inversely proportional; P1V1 = P2V2

Question 3

Charles’ Law

Answer 3

When pressure and amount of gas remain constant, volume and temperature are directly proportional; V1/T1 = V2/T2

Question 4

Guy Lussac’s Law

Answer 4

AKA Pressure and Temperature Law; when volume and amount of gas are constant, pressure and temperature are directly proportional;
P1/T1 = P2/T2

Question 5

molar volume

Answer 5

the volume that is occupied by one mole of a substance (gas?) at a given temperature and pressure

Question 6

Combined Gas Law

Answer 6

All gas laws are merged together; (P1V1)/T1 = (P2V2)/T2

Question 7

The Ideal Gas Law

Answer 7

The product of pressure and volume of a gas is directly proportional to the amount and the kelvin temperature of the gas; pv = nRT

Question 8

Avogadro’s theory

Answer 8

Equal volumes of gases at the same temperature and pressure contain equal numbers of molecules

Question 9

partial pressure

Answer 9

the pressure that a gas in a mixture would exert if it was the only gas present in the same volume and temperature

Question 10

Dalton’s law of partial pressures

Answer 10

The total pressure of a mixture of (non-reactive) gases is equal to the sum of all partial pressures;
Ptotal = P1 + P2 + P3…