Unit 2 - Chemical Reactions Flashcards
Combination of a non-metallic oxide with water
oxyacid
Things that speed the rate of reaction
- Pressure
- Temperature
- Catalyst
- Surface area
- Concentration
Combination of a metallic oxide with water
metallic hydroxide
Metallic carbonates decompose to form
metallic oxide and carbon dioxide when heated
Metallic chlorates decompose to form
metallic chlorides and oxygen when heated
When some metallic hydroxides or oxyacids are heated, they decompose to form
metallic (or nonmetallic) oxide and water
Combustion of a metal or non metal produces the ___
common oxide of the element
Complete combustion of hydrocarbons produces
carbon dioxide and water
Incomplete combustion of hydrocarbons produces
carbon monoxide and energy
Ammonium salts react with metallic hydroxides and oxides in an acid/base reaction to produce
salt + ammonia + water
An acid and a carbonate compound yield a ___ and ____, which decomposes into ___ and ___
salt and bicarbonate, which decomposes to carbon dioxide and water
collision-reaction theory
a theory stating that chemical reactions involve collisions
and rearrangements of atoms or groups of atoms, and that the outcome of collisions depends on the ENERGY and ORIENTATION of the collisions
binary acids are composed of ___
hydrogen and another non-metal (eg hydrochloric acid HCl)
oxyacids are composed of ___
hydrogen and an oxyacid radical/polyatomic ion (eg sulphuric acid H2SO4)
oxyacid radicals
polyatomic ions with different numbers of oxygen atoms (eg SO4, SO3, SO2)
What are acid salts?
Metal + oxyacid ion with -2 or -3 charge (e.g. NaH2PO2 sodium dihydrogen hypophosphite)
Oxyacid radicals : -IC acid (base formula)
Anion: -ATE
Acid: -IC
Oxyacid radicals: 1 more than base formula
Anion: PER-/-ATE
Acid: PER-/-IC
Oxyacid radicals: 1 less than base formula
Anion: -ITE
Acid: -OUS
Oxyacid radicals: 2 less than base formula
Anion: HYPO-/-ITE
Acid: HYPO-/-OUS
Nomenclature for compounds with no oxygen
Anion: -IDE
Acid: HYDRO-/-IC
endothermic vs exothermic reaction
endothermic: heat energy is transferred from surroundings into system
exothermic: heat energy is released from the system into surroundings
When H2O splits into ions, it splits into…
H+ and OH-
To know the outcome of a single displacement reaction, you have to think of the ____
activity series
