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AP US History > Unit 5 (Ch. 14, 15, 16) > Flashcards

Unit 5 (Ch. 14, 15, 16) Flashcards

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1
Q

Slave Culture (religion, family, labor)

A

Religion - used to get by in hard times, songs and praying
Family - recreated family like environment
Labor - only worked hard unless they were punished, created task lists

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2
Q

Pine Barrens

A

10%
Non arable land
Squatters, day laborers

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4
Q

White Social Class in South - Planters (what % and who are they)

A

25 %
Slave owning, top 1% owns 100+ slaves
Most own less than 5
500 acres

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5
Q

White Social Class in South - Yeoman Farmers

A

Non slave owners
65%
Own less than 250 acres
Food crops

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8
Q

Compromise of 1850

A

The problem was over what to do with newly acquired land after Mex-American War. – Henry Clay’s Idea

  1. California enters as free state
  2. Utah and New Mexico go under popular sovereignty
  3. Border Dispute (Texas vs. NM) - NM gets land but Texas loses all debt
  4. DC - slave trade abolished
  5. Fugitive Slave Act - 1850 - pro southern - easier to catch, harsher punishments, Ableman vs. Wolf
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9
Q

Author of “Uncle Toms Cabin”? Plot?

A

Harriet Beecher Stowe wrote bout a family in slavery

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10
Q

Election of 1852

A

Democrat - Pierce – Popular Sovereignty
Whig - Scott – doesn’t take position on slavery
Pierce wins and establishes Kansas - Nebraska Act (1852)

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11
Q

Kansas-Nebraska Act

A

“Unorganized territory” from Louisiana Purchase is put under Popular Sovereignty

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12
Q

Rise of the Republican Party (when? Why? Who?)

A

Founded in 1854 by anti-slavery Whigs, free-soilers and northern democrats (ones who were against Pierce)

This upset the Whigs and democrats

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13
Q

Lincoln’s View on Slavery at Peoria Speech in 1854

A

Popular Sovereignty is wrong
Free soiler!
Not necessary to have slavery

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14
Q

Lincoln’s View on Civil Rights at Peoria Speech in 1854

A

Does not believe they should be equals

Sympathies to colonization

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15
Q

Lincoln’s View on Abolitionists at Peoria Speech in 1854

A

Work with them until they turn against you
Sees himself more moderate than an abolitionist
Against repealing of fugitive slave law

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16
Q

Lincoln’s View on Slavery and the Constitution at Peoria Speech in 1854

A

Slavery never mentioned… Only by necessity!!
Slavery is not a sacred right
Congress and founding fathers “hedged and hemmed” slavery (restricting)
Not a constitutional right

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17
Q

Coopers Union Address Lincoln (date and position on slavery)

A

1860 - end slavery eventually but more of a free soil position at this point

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18
Q

Open letter to Horace Greeley (date and moral and political position on slavery)

A

1862
Moral - wishes that all when could be free
Political - same, says the goal is to save the union and ending slavery is not the way to do that

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19
Q

Emancipation Proclamation (date and moral and political position of Lincoln)

A

1862
Moral - same, wants all men to be free
Political - doesn’t explicitly say that slavery is abolished just that all men are free…

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20
Q

The Gettysburg Address (date and Lincoln’s moral and political position on slavery)

A

1863
Moral - same, wants all men to be free
Political - finally publicly says that he wishes for men to be free. For the men who have died in the war

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21
Q

Second Inaugural Address

A

1865
Moral and political - the past is behind us and we will do anything it takes to abolish slavery and finish the work that we have finished

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22
Q

Ostend Manifesto and William Walker (date, what was it and effects)

A

1854 - Cuban Annexation from Spain
Thought to be a conspiracy of slave power = wasn’t carried out
William walker took over Nicaragua, reinstituted slavery and talked of making it a US province

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23
Q

Know-Nothings

A

Evolved around a secret Nativist Organization in 1850. Advocated the election of native born Protestants into office.

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24
Q

Election of 1856

A

Democrat - Buchanan - Popular Sovereignty
Republican - Freemont - Free Soil!!
- Buchanan wins but only 59%
- Freemont still gets 33%

25
Q

Dred Scott vs. Sandford

A

1857 - Scott’s owner died and he wants freedom
Sandford says if you are a slave you can never be a citizen and if you are not a citizen then you can’t sue in court
Sandford adopts Common Property Doctrine

26
Q

Election of 1860

A

Republican - Lincoln
Southern Democrat - Brekinridge - Common Property Doctrine
Northern Democrat - Douglas - Popular Sovereignty
Constitutional Union - Bell - pro slavery
Lincoln wins 40% popular and 59% electoral without winning one southern state

27
Q

Reconstruction Act of 1867

A

Passed by congress over a veto by Johnson

28
Q

Election of 1868

A

Grant - republican (dominant during this period)
Seymour - democrat - very racist against blacks, opponents associate him with the south and civil war (Waving the bloody shirt)

29
Q

Waving the Bloody Shirt

A

Reference to the blood of heroes (civil war) to criticize opponents

30
Q

Grant’s position on greenbacks – his response to this opinion

A

Against! 1875 Specie Resumption Act – called back all currency

31
Q

Fisk and Gould

A

Bankers who invested in a ton of gold

Knew when the prices were going up and down so they sold out and made a ton of money

32
Q

Whiskey Ring

A

Grants Secretary of Treasury. Profiting off not taxing a whiskey company

33
Q

Indian Ring

A

People profiting off selling crappy stuff to Indian Reservations

34
Q

Boss William Tweed and his conspiracy

A

Leader of the political machine in NYC. Profited off of city projects by driving up prices on everything they bought and then taking a bit of the price and giving some to seller to not talk.

35
Q

Thomas Nast

A

Cartoonist who drew Boss Tweed in harpers weekly

36
Q

Success of Reconstruction

A

Black representation in government at state and federal levels. Only happened during reconstruction though.

37
Q

“Birth of a Nation”

A

Movie portraying the House of Representative in SC who were majority black. Showed them as crazy and unorganized. Persistent myth!

38
Q

KKK

A
  • Founder Nathan Bedford Forest - carpet baggers = northerners who moved south for more eligibility
39
Q

Force Acts

A

1870-71
Federal troops were used to stop clans
Blacks got federal courts to be tried in
Doesn’t get enforced after reconstruction ends in 1876

40
Q

The Freedmans Bureau

A

Helped blacks with food, clothing, medical care and education. Taught blacks how to read. Expired in 1872 because it was despised by the president and southerners

41
Q

Lincoln’s Plan for Reconstruction

A

Wanted to quickly reestablish southern governments and reunify the nation.
10% Plan - if 10% of the population of the state take an oath of allegiance, the 13th amendment is ratified then they can be a part of the Union.
Government would also help blacks protect their land
No confederates can hold office

42
Q

Congress Reaction to 10% Plan

A

Reaction is negative. LA, AK and TN were denied their representation in congress after following the plan.

43
Q

Congress’s Plan for Reconstruction

A

1864 - “Wade Davis Bill”
Thaddeus Stevens and Charles Summer were radical Republicans
50% of the population have to take oath and an Ironclad Vote - pledging that you never supported the confederate
13th amendment ratified
No protection of property for blacks

44
Q

Lincoln’s Response to Congress’s Plan

A

He pocket vetoes the bill (when congress is dead for 10 days and Lincoln doesn’t sign the bill)

45
Q

President Johnson’s Plan for Reconstruction

A

Wanted to dismantle the planters in the south and ride the common man
50% of pop. take oath
13th amendment
Excludes high ranking officials from office and any confederate who is worth more than $20,000 in taxable property
Johnson pardoned 13,000 people…

46
Q

Rights guaranteed for blacks in the Black Codes

A
  1. Sue and be sued
  2. Rent any land
  3. Right to marry
  4. Right to be witness
  5. Lawful home or employment with written evidence of it
  6. Orphans will be given to a family and guaranteed care
47
Q

Restrictions on blacks in the Black Codes

A
  1. Can be arrested if they quit work before contract is over.
  2. Required to work and if they aren’t they can be fined (vagrants)
  3. Cannot carry any weapons
  4. No interracial marriage
  5. No freedom of assembly
  6. Can’t sell alcohol to blacks
  7. Vague language for insulting gestures
48
Q

Scalawags

A

Southerners who were accused of plundering the treasuries of the Southern States through their political influence in the radical governments

49
Q

Carpetbaggers

A

Sleazy Northerners who had come to the South to seek power and profit

50
Q

Importance of Sharecroppers

A

Most freedmen become one. You would pay rent on a farm to the landlord by giving them some crop. Lucky to even support themselves

51
Q

Election of 1876

A

Rutherford B. Hayes - Republican who had great record
Samuel Tilden - Democrat - sympathetic to southern planters
Hayes won election by only one vote –> scandal broke out and Tilden got a deal to choose what happens with reconstruction.
He ends it!!

52
Q

Tunis B. Cambell

A

Leader in south for black citizenship

Whites got him arrested but was soon released

53
Q

“The lost cause”

A

Confederate ideas surfaced as a way to mourn for their lost soldiers

AP US History (6 decks)

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