Unit 5: Cell Growth and Division

Question 0

Benign (tumor)

Answer 0

Non cancerous, stays as an unharmful lump

Question 1

Anaphase

Answer 1

the stage in mitosis or meiosis following metaphase in which the daughter chromosomes move away from each other to opposite ends of the cell

Question 2

Chromosome

Answer 2

any of several threadlike bodies, consisting of chromatin, that carry the genes in a linear order

Question 3

Cytokinesis

Answer 3

The division of the cell cytoplasm that usually follows the division of the nucleus

Question 4

Diploid

Answer 4

Having two similar complements of chromosomes

Question 5

G1 and G2 phase

Answer 5

G1- bigger cells, making chloroplasts, mitochondria, making protein, doing regular cell work

G2- DNA ready for cell division, doing normal work of cell, cell division hasn’t started yet

Question 6

Haploid

Answer 6

Pertaining to a simple set of chromosomes

Question 7

Histone

Answer 7

any of a group of five small basic proteins, occurring in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells, that organize DNA strands into nucleosomes by forming molecular complexes around which the DNA winds

Question 8

Interphase

Answer 8

Growth and non reproductive activities, consists of G1, DNA synthesis, G2, and cell division (mitosis).

Question 9

Malignant (tumor)

Answer 9

Uncontrolled growth, harm, cancerous

Question 10

Metaphase

Answer 10

Middle phase, the stage in mitosis or meiosis in which the duplicated chromosomes line up along the equatorial plate of the spindle

Question 11

Metastasis

Answer 11

Rapid transition of diseases to malignant cells

Question 12

Mitosis

Answer 12

Usual division of a cell

Question 13

Prophase

Answer 13

The first stage of mitosis or meiosis in eukaryotic cell division

Question 14

Replication

Answer 14

the process by which double-stranded DNA makes copies of itself, each strand, as it separates, synthesizing a complementary strand

Question 15

Sister chromatid

Answer 15

either of the two identical copies (chromatids) formed by the replication of a single chromosome, with both copies joined together, half a chromosome

Question 16

Spindle apparatus

Answer 16

spindle apparatus refers to the subcellular structure that segregates chromosomes between daughter cells during cell division. It is also referred to as the mitotic spindle during mitosis or the meiotic spindle during meiosis

Question 17

Synthesis (s) phase

Answer 17

Part of the cell cycle in which DNA is replicated, between the stages of G1 and G2

Question 18

Telophase

Answer 18

the final stage of meiosis or mitosis, in which the separated chromosomes reach the opposite poles of the dividing cell and the nuclei of the daughter cells form around the two sets of chromosomes

Question 19

Tumor

Answer 19

an uncontrolled, abnormal, circumscribed growth of cells in any animal or plant tissue