Unit 5: Asepsis Flashcards

1
Q

Define asepsis

A

The absence of viable pathogenic organisms

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2
Q

Define and discuss the meaning and practices of medical asepsis

A

Practice of reducing pathogens and the spread of infection

Hand washing: the #1 way to stop the spread of infection

Chemical disinfectant

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3
Q

Define and discuss the meaning and practices of surgical asepsis

A

Eliminating all pathogens by using a sterile technique

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4
Q

Describe the persistence of microorganisms in the healthcare environment

A

Microorganisms can survive on beds, charts, pens, and salad bars

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5
Q

Describe the basic growth requirements for microorganisms

A

They can survive in water or the correct temperature (120 degrees)
Most viruses last for days in surfaces
Bacteria and fungi last for months on certain surfaces

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6
Q

Describe methods used to control microorganisms in the healthcare environment

A

Moist heat
Dry heat
Gas
Chemicals
Radiation

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7
Q

Describe and discuss rules for surgical asepsis

Basic principles regarding the use of sterile items

Basic principles of working around sterile fields

A

Don’t touch: don’t touch sterile items with non sterile items

Hands up: keep hands above waist at all times to remain sterile

Waist up: anything below the waist level is non sterile / contaminanted

Back to back: pass behind sterile Person to avoid possible contaminating

Don’t leave open sterile fields unattended

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8
Q

Discuss basic principals to sterile packaging to include

A). Opening packaging
Transferring to others
Adding items

B). Principals of event related sterility

A

A). 1. Unwrap without touching the inside
Open last flap towards you
2. Use the dirty person as help
3. Peel and plop to add items

B). Sterility doesn’t expire it only becomes non sterile if contaminated with microorganisms
1. Don’t open until needed
2. Most packages are doubled wrapped
3. Wash your hands

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9
Q

Describe , discuss , and demonstrate principles and practices for donning sterile gloves

  • practice putting on sterile gloves
A

Goal is to not contaminate the glove

Grab glove by cuff and pull on using one hand

Hook the second glove
Push the 2nd sterile glove on other hand

Adjust gloves only using sterile outside

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10
Q

Describe and discuss principles and practices for donning sterile gowns

  • practice putting on gowns
A

Lead apron goes on first then your gown

Place arms through sleeves and neck and waist ties can be secured by a non sterile person

Sterile person can not reach behind them

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11
Q

Describe and discuss basic principles of surgical skin preparation

A

For skin prep use an antiseptic ( iodine/betadine) or chlorohexadine

Use is a circular motion
From inside to out
And do this 2-3 times ( new swab each time)

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12
Q

Describe and discuss basic principles of surgical draping

A

Don’t reposition once drape is in place
Don’t reach over drapes
“Dirty people “ should stay 12” away to avoid contamination

Fenestrated drape : a drape with a hole

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13
Q

Describe and discuss dressings and dressing changes and how healthcare workers should not attempt dressing changes without proper training

A

Dressing changes vary greatly by :
Wet to dry
Dry to wet
And what lies beneath

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14
Q

Describe and discuss rules for medical waste, disposal
A) sharps
B) glass
C) linen
D) biohazardous and regulated medical waste

A

A) sharps go in the red sharps container to prevent injury
( needles, scalpels, disposable scissors, anything sharp)

B) glass goes in the glass box ( broken or non broken)

C) All linen is contaminated. If dripping double bag it

D) Regulated medical waste : red can, use if item contains enough fluid to spread pathogens

Infectious waste: anything that contains blood that is wet
Pee and poop go in toilet ( code brown)

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15
Q

Describe basic principle for cleaning contaminated surfaces

A

Remove excess blood or fluid
Spray surface with disinfectant (may have to let it sit)
Then clean

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16
Q

Describe basic principles of safety data sheets to include

A) items covered by an SDS
B) information provided by an SDS
C) How to find a SDS in the workplace

A

A). Provide information on substances found in a workplace

B). It covers exposure, ingestion, fire risk, handling, & cleanup

C). Available through the TRAnet homepage under job tools and then click “MSDS”