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AP HuG > Unit 5: Agriculture > Flashcards

Unit 5: Agriculture Flashcards

1
Q

agriculture

A

process by which humans alter the landscape to raise crops/livestock for consumption and trade

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2
Q

intensive ag

A

Involves significant amounts of labor/money, but usually uses a smaller amount of land

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3
Q

plantation

A
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3
Q

extensive ag

A

Involves smaller amounts of labor/money, but uses a large amount of land

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4
Q

market gardening

A
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5
Q

mixed crop/livestock

A
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6
Q

grain

A
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7
Q

Intensive subsistence rice

A
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8
Q

intensive subsistence not rice

A
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9
Q

mediterranean

A
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10
Q

dairy

A
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11
Q

shifting cultivation

A
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12
Q

nomadic herding

A
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13
Q

ranching

A
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14
Q

clustered rural settlements

A
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15
Q

dispersed rural settlements

A
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16
Q

linear rural settlements

A
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17
Q

metes and bounds

A

uses natural features to domarcate irregular parcels of land

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18
Q

township and range

A
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19
Q

long lot

A
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20
Q

agricultural hearths (where? types of crops?)

A
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21
Q

1st agricultural revolution/neolithic revolution)

A
  • shift from hunting and gathering to agriculture
  • early hearths for dothe mestication of plants and animals include the Indus River Valley, Mesoamerica, and Mesopotamia
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22
Q

2nd agricultural revolution

A
  • 1700s-1950s
  • new technology and fuel led to improved methods of farming, harvesting, and storage of produce (coincides with the industrial revolution)
  • led to better diets, longer life expectancies, longer populations, and more people available to work in factories
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23
Q

3rd agricultural revolution/green revolution)

A
  • 1960s-now
  • characterized by higher-yield, disease-resistant, faster-growing crops through technology (hybrid plants & GMOs)
  • increased use of chemicals through pesticides and fertilizers
  • elaborate irrigation systems
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24
Q

columbian exchange

A

cultural diffusion over time that led to a spread of plants and animals regionally

25
Q

subsistence agriculture

26
Q

commercial agricuture

27
Q

monocropping/monoculture

28
Q

bid-rent theory

29
Q

agribusiness

30
Q

commmodity/supply chains

31
Q

von thunen model

32
Q

regional interdependence with ag

33
Q

export commodity deppendent example?

34
Q

government farm subsidies

35
Q

slash and burn/shifting cultivation

A

ag practice that alter the landscape

36
Q

terraces

A

ag practices that alter the landscape

36
Q

deforestation

A

ag practice that alter the landscape

37
Q

irrigation

A

ag ppractices that alter the landscape

38
Q

draining wetlands

A

ag practices that alter the landscape

39
Q

pastoral nomadism

A

ag practice that alter the landscpe

40
Q

polllution

A

environmental effect of ag on land use

41
Q

land cover change

A

environmental effects of ag land use

42
Q

desertification

A

environmental effects of ag land use

43
Q

soil salinization

A

environmental effects of ag land use

44
Q

conservation efforts

A

environmental effects of ag land use

44
Q

societal effects of ag practices

45
Q

biotechnology/gmos debate?

46
Q

aquaulture debate?

47
Q

urban farming

A

individual food choice movements

48
Q

community-supported agriculture

A

individual food choice movements

49
Q

organic farming

A

individual food choice movements

50
Q

value-added specialty crops

A

individual food choice movements

51
Q

fair trade

A

individual food choice movements

52
Q

local-food movements

A

individual food choice movements

53
Q

food insecurity

54
Q

modern dietary shifts

A

individual food choice movements

55
Q

food deserts

56
Q

economic effects on agriculture

56
Q

role of women in agriculture (LDCS vs. MDCs)

AP HuG (4 decks)

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