UNIT 5- ADVANCED APPLICATIONS FOR THE 4TH NURSING IT REVOLUTION Flashcards
In this stage of the industrial revolution: steam engine, hydropower, mechanization
1st stage/ MECHANIZATION
In this stage of the industrial revolution: MASS PRODUCTION, ASSEMBLY LINE, ELECTRICITY
2ND/ELECTRICITY
In this stage of the industrial revolution: automation, information and communication tech (ICT)
3rd/COMPUTING
In this stage of the industrial revolution: IoT, digital coordination, cyber-physical systems, robotics
4th/DIGITALIZATION
Drivers for New Care Delivery Models
- Health system is fundamentally broken
- Costs are unaffordable and unsustainable
- System itself is needs a serious repair
transforms expensive
or highly sophisticated products or
services—previously accessible to a high-end or
more-skilled segment of consumers—to those that
are more affordable and accessible to a broader
population.
Disruptive Innovation
including cloud-based open
collaboration and development platforms, AI and advanced
analytics, genomics and precision health, virtual care modalities, and population health tools are fostering
experimentation, innovation, and pilots moving to scale.
Disruptive technologies
“Big Four” Disruptive Technology Companies
-APPLE
-AMAZON
-GOOGLE
-MICROSOFT
products under Apple
- iphone (2007)
- ipad (2010)
- healthkit/ api (2014)
- reasearchkit/api (15-18)
- care kit/ api(16-17)
- health records api (2018)
Promotes IOS products and apps to improve to
improve care and efficiency for clinicians, nurses, and
patients for care in the hospital, chronic care in the
community and at home, while also promoting these
tools to life sciences and pharmaceutical industries.
APPLE
“Focused on changing the way people experience
health care so that is simpler, better, and lower cost”
AMAZON
WHAT IS THE RECENT NAME FOR AMAZON HEALTH
HAVEN IN MARCH 2019
AMAZON PRODUCTS/TECH
-PILLPACK
- ALEXA SKILLS KIT PROGRAM
a virtual pharmacy company
(September 2018)
- direct-to-the consumer marketing campaign to
Amazon Prime customers.
PillPack
supports the development of software that
6communicates HIPAA-protected health
information.
Alexa Skills Kit program
Has been engaged in healthcare well over a decade.
Google and Alphabet
PRODUCTS OF GOOGLE
Google Flu Trends (2009), DeepMind, Google Fit, Alphabet
Verily Life Sciences (formerly Google Life Sciences)
SMART CONTACT LENSES
multinational conglomerate established is
Google’s parent company.
Alphabet
harnesses health data through the use of AI, for clues
that might predict and prevent diseases through
partnerships with healthcare companies and
universities.
Verily Life Sciences
GOOGLES SMART CONTACT LENSES CAN MEASURE___
- Glucose levels in tears
most well-known for starting in the personal
health record Health Vault in 2007,.
MICROSOFT
PRODUCTS OF MICROSOFT
-personal
health record Health Vault in
-Azure cloud (2010)
-Caradigm (2012)
-AI Health Chatbot Technology
-MDLIVE
research-based project that will enable
partners to build AI-powered conversational
healthcare tools.
AI Health Chatbot Technology
help patients self-triage inquiries before they
interact with a doctor via video.
MDLIVE
is used to describe a computer program or system that
can learn and make decisions based on its own
accumulated experience.
Artificial Intelligence (AI)
This is the primary capability that distinguishes AI from
an expert, decision support, or rules-based systems,
which are based on expert human reasoning.
Artificial Intelligence (AI)
essentially referring to the application of AI
methodologies to a variety of significant challenges in
healthcare.
AI in healthcare
10 FOUNDATIONAL CONCEPTS IN AI
- Natural Language Processing
- Medical Language Processing
- Classifiers
-Artificial Neural Networks - Machine Learning
- Deep Learning
- Cognitive Computing
- Augmented Intelligence
- Image analysis
- Speech Analysis
process of extracting salient clinical concepts such as
symptoms, diagnoses, and treatments from the
narrative text such as clinical notes.
Natural Language Processing (NLP)
describes the application of NLP to address issues
specific to medical data.
Medical Language Processing
___processes that map input data into categories or
classes, also referred as ___
Classifiers, predictions
computer systems loosely modeled on biological
nervous systems that are a type of classifier.
Artificial Neural Networks
an automated system able to process large volumes of
data and extract meaningful information to address
practical problems from it (data miming) as well as to
use this information to address practical problems
(decision support).
Machine Learning (ML)
process of employing multi-layered deep neural
networks (DNNs), allowing integration of multiple data
types.
Deep Learning
term applied to computing that can involve multiple. AI
methodologies applied in such a way as to replicate the
human cognitive performance.
Cognitive Computing
technology that is intended to assist humans in utilizing
or extending their capabilities, i.e., assistive
technologies.
Augmented Intelligence
process of extracting meaningful information
specifically from images as opposed to numeric,
categorical, or text data.
Image Analysis
focused on extracting meaningful diagnostic and
prognostic insights from patterns discernible in
recorded speech.
Speech Analysis
3 Major Classes of Activities (driving the need for AI solutions)
- Information synthesis (pt data, data complexity, literature)
- Augmenting human performance (oldest form)
- Surveillance (area of public surveillance, form of oversight)
can contribute to increasing efficiency, raising standards
of care, delivering on the promise of precision medicine,
and supporting research.
AI
data specifically generated on or by patients, as
individuals and as populations, has dramatically
increased.
Patient Data
increasing complexity of the individual data
elements that are now being stored electronically
has expanded exponentially.
Data Complexity
amount of medical literature published each year
continues to rise.
Literature
Oldest and most straightforward application of AI in
healthcare.
Augmenting Human Performance
AI Healthcare Applications
Clinical Decision Support (CDS) systems
Causal Inference
Precision/Personalized Medicine
Image and Speech Analysis
Internet of Things (IoT)
Syndromic Surveillance
Pharmaceutical Applications
COVID-19 Response
assure clinicians had information available about
available treatment and diagnostic options, and even to
make specific suggestions, supported by the basis for
the suggestions given.
Clinical Decision Support (CDS) systems
process of establishing a causal relationship between
an exposure and an outcome via mathematical and
statistical means in the absence of a direct experiment
capable of demonstrating causality. (Epidemiology)
Causal Inference
goal is to use an individual’s genetic makeup to
determine the correct choice and dose of treatment.
Precision/Personalized Medicine
important in reducing variability in the interpretation of
image data and has recently been shown to be on a
par with expert analysis in such area as retinal imaging
and mammography. Speech analysis has also become
a valuable diagnostic tool for conditions beyond
traditional realms of speech pathology.
Image and Speech Analysis
widespread adoption of smart devices, combined with
advances in sensor technologies, has yielded new
opportunities to apply AI not just in traditional medical
settings, but wherever a patient may be.
Internet of Things (IoT)
application of a variety of computational technologies to
the task of correctly identifying patterns of concern to
public health agencies.
Syndromic Surveillance
used in the process of drug discovery to predict the
potential toxicity of target drugs as well in drug
repurposing to capitalize on approved drugs.
Pharmaceutical Applications
acceleration of drug and vaccine discovery, smart
chatbots, mobile phone apps to prevent misinformation.
COVID-19 Response
