unit 5 &6

Question 1

Marbury v. Madison
McCulloch v. Maryland
Gibbons v. Ogden

Answer 1

1. The Supreme Court has the power to interpret the Constitution.
2. Federal government has the authority to create a national bank, and federal laws take precedence over state laws.
3. Federal government’s power to control trade between states.

Question 2

Mapp v. Ohio
Gideon v. Wainwright

Answer 2

1. illegally obtained evidence cannot be used in state criminal trials. (The nudity pictures)
2. The right to a lawyer for people who can’t afford one in state courts.

Question 3

Miranda v. Arizona
Gregg v. Georgia

Answer 3

1. law enforcement must inform suspects of their rights during questioning. (Miranda Rights)
2. Upheld the constitutionality of the death penalty

Question 4

Tinker v. Des Moines
Dred Scott v. Sanford

Answer 4

1. Students have the right to symbolic speech in schools. (Vietnam bands)
2. Denied citizenship to African Americans and said Congress couldn’t ban slavery in territories.

Question 5

Leandro v. NC
Swann v. CMS

Answer 5

1.Ruled that every child in North Carolina has a constitutional right to a “sound, basic education.”

2. Allow for school integration using busses

Question 6

Hazelwood v. Kuhlmeier
New Jersey v. T.L.O.

Answer 6

1. Allowed school administrators to censor school-sponsored publications. (school news paper)
   2.Allowed school administrators to search students under a lower standard than the one required for searches by law enforcement. ( the smooker)

Question 7

Engel v. Vitale

Answer 7

No prayers in school

Question 8

Civil law

Answer 8

51% of evidence to prove.
Defendant V Plaintiff
deals with cases among community.

heard by a judge branch

Question 9

Criminal Law

Answer 9

• Needs evidence beyond reasonable doubts

Defendant VS Prosecutor
Grandy jury & Petite Jury

Question 10

Supreme court Jurisdiction

Answer 10

Original and Appellate Jurisdiction

original jurisdiction – > over cases involving two or more states or foreign ambassadors.

Question 11

What is a writ of certiorai ?

Answer 11

An order to a lower court to send a record in a given case for its review.

Question 12

Briefs

Answer 12

Written document filed with the court

Question 13

Concurring opinions

Answer 13

add or emphasize a point made.

Question 14

Arbitration

Answer 14

Involves a neutral third party (arbitrator) who listens to both sides and makes a final, binding decision to resolve the dispute.

Question 15

Mediation

Answer 15

Involves a neutral third party (mediator) helping the parties in a dispute communicate and reach a voluntary agreement.

Question 16

Petit Jury

Answer 16

A trial jury that hears evidence in a civil or criminal trial and renders a verdict.

Question 17

Grand Jury

Answer 17

group of citizens reviewing if a case has enough evidence to bring criminal charges against a suspect.

Question 18

Us Supreme courts

Answer 18

94 district courts
12 courts of appeals
many courts with special functions

Question 19

Judicial review

Question 20

Civil rights

Answer 20

Civil rights are about equal treatment and freedom from discrimination based on characteristics like race, gender, religion, or nationality.

Question 21

Civil Liberties

Answer 21

individual freedoms and protections from government actions that could infringe on personal liberties.

Question 22

Eminent Domain

Answer 22

requires the government to provide you with compensation for your property

Question 23

Voting Rights Act of 1965

Answer 23

eliminating racial discrimination in voting.

Question 24

Title IX

Answer 24

a law that was established to make sure all people had equal opportunities in the workplace