Unit 5

Question 0

What does it mean to say that memory is a reconstructive process?

Answer 0

The idea that pieces of our memory are often altered or revised in a way that makes us make sense of the information and fits our expectation.

Question 1

What is selective attention?

Answer 1

The focus of our attention on limited stimuli in the environment, which leads us to ignore other stimuli. (6 people 3 in black and 3 in white throwing a ball; asked to remember how many times the ball was thrown between the people in white: Did you notice the gorilla that walked directly in the middle of the crowd?

Question 2

What are primary emotions?

Answer 2

Small number of emotions believed by some theorists to be cross culturally universal.

Question 3

What are the 7 primary emotions?

Answer 3

1. Happiness
2. Disgust
3. Sadness
4. Fear
5. Surprise
6. Contempt
7. Anger

Question 4

Examples of display rules:

Answer 4

In Western culture, parents teach boys not to cry, whereas they typically teach girls that crying is acceptable. (Or being kissed on the cheek in greeting by someone from a European country)

Question 5

James-Lange theory of emotion:

Answer 5

Behavioral and physiological responses are directly elicited by situations. Feelings of emotion produced by feedback from these responses. We observe our our own responses and based on that we attribute feelings to ourselves.

Question 6

According to the two-factor theory of emotion, what two psychological events are required to produce an emotion?

Answer 6

Intensity of physiological arousal tells us how strongly we are feeling something but situational cues give us the information we need to label the arousal and tell ourselves what we are feeling.

Question 7

Mere Exposure Effect:

Answer 7

Phenomenon in which repeated exposure to a stimulus makes us more likely to feel favorably toward it. (Repeated presentation of subliminal stimuli) causes positivity towards it.

Question 8

Proximity:

Answer 8

Physical nearness, a predictor of attraction.

Question 9

Similarity:

Answer 9

Extent to which we have things in common with others, a predictor of attraction.

Question 10

Set point:

Answer 10

Value that establishes a range of body and muscle mass we tend to maintain.

Question 11

Source Misattribution:

Answer 11

The inability to distinguish an actual memory of an event from information you learned about the event elsewhere. (How you piece together memory by picking up facts from other’s accounts of the event)