Unit 5 Flashcards
Type 1 diabetes
Body doesn’t produce insulin
Autoimmune
Type 2
Body doesn’t use insulin properly
even if not on insulin it may be needed if they have complications/ surgery
Labs hemoglobin A1c =
Normal glucose
Post prandial
<6
70-110
<180
Rapid acting bolus
Ex:insulin aspart
Onset 5-15 min
Given right before meals, during, or within 20 min after
Must have meal bc of very rapid onset
Short acting SQ or iv
Ex: regular human insulin
Duration 5-7 hrs
Only one that can be used iv
Intermediate acting
Ex NPH
Peak 4-12 hrs imp. to plate during peak
It mixed alwyas mix clear to cloudy
Long acting basal
Ex: lantus
No peak not food dependent
Slow constant release
Metformin
my patient at this drug must be stopped before certain imaging test using contrast agents and not started again for 48 hours after because of the high risk for kidney damage and lactic acidosis
Sick day rules
notify HCP that you’re ill next line check glucose q4h
Continue to take insulin.
Eat at regular times.
Check ketones
Injection priming
Should see a drop insulin once primed
Somogyi effect
Hypo at night hyper in the morning
Hypoglycemia
glucose levels can rise because of high insulin production.
Carbohydrate snack before exercise.
Jittery, clammy, shaky check blood sugar
Severe hypoglycemia, TX conscious, patient, fast, acting carbohydrates, glucose, stabs, candy juice,
Unresponsive, patient IV dextrose I am glucagon
Dawn phen
Will get back to you
Injection rotation
Absorption is fastest and abdomen, which is the preferred injection site except for a 2 inch radius around the naval
foot care
Where breathable well fitted shoes, no lotion between toes and inspect feet daily
