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AP HUG Examples > Unit 5 > Flashcards

Unit 5 Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 3 most widespread agricultural crops?

A

Corn, wheat, rice

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2
Q

What are the 4 physical factors that affect agriculture?

A
  1. Climate (temperature and precipitation)
    - Temperature -> length of growing season
    - precipitation -> moisture
  2. Elevation
    - affects growing season (higher elevation - shorter growing season)
  3. Soil
    - determines agricultural potential
  4. Topography
    - affects land’s productivity
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3
Q

What is an example of elevation affecting agriculture?

A

Centrait South America
(Different cultivation opportunities)

Has 5 levels growing diff foods
Level 1: tropical crops
Level 2: veggies coffee etc
Level 3: hardier crops (potatoes)
Level 4: grazing
Level 5 snowline

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4
Q

What is an example of a landscape being modified for better environmental factors?

A
  1. Terrace building
    - protects soil
  2. Irrigation
    - helps with water availability
  3. Adding fertilizer
    - nutrients to soil
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5
Q

What are the 4 factors affecting climate?

A
  1. Distance from Equator
    - determines length of daylight + average temp
  2. Wind and Ocean Currents
    - affects temperature and precipitation of an area
  3. Location relative to bodies of water
    - affects climate
  4. Elevation
    - affects temperature and precipitation
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6
Q

How does ocean current circulation affect the climate? Example?

A

It circulates warm and cold water

For example.)
Gulf Stream
- warm water from the Gulf of Mexico to Atlantic Ocean

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7
Q

How do wind currents affect the climate?

A

Wind currents carry air with different temperatures. Also, the wind can affect the precipitation patterns

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8
Q

How does location relative to large bodies of water affect the climate?

A

Coastal areas tend to have a milder climate

Precipitation is heavier near the coast

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9
Q

How does elevation affect the climate? Example?

A

Affects the temperature and the amount of precipitation

For example.) Pacific Northwest in US
- temperate rainforests (coastal side)
- dry conditions (Yakima Valley)

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10
Q

What are the 5 different climate regions?

A
  1. Tropical
  2. Dry
  3. Temperate
  4. Tundra
  5. Ice Cap
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11
Q

What is the land use theory? Give an example.

A

The land use the theory is the theory that explains how farmers use the land.

For example:
From closest to farthest from city
1. Dairying -> intensive farming
2. Forestry -> intensive
3. Grain + wheat
4. Livestock

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12
Q

Give an example of intensive subsistence agriculture going wrong

A

Southern Africa -> Cyclone Idai
* crops destroyed and starvation

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13
Q

Give 3 examples of farmers modifying their environment to maximize food products

A
  1. India - flood rice paddies
  2. China - terracing
  3. Dry climate regions - irrigation
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14
Q

What are the 6 types of intensive commercial agriculture?

A
  1. Monocropping
  2. Monoculture
  3. Crop rotation
  4. Plantation agriculture
  5. Market Gardening
  6. Mixed crops and livestock systems
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15
Q

Where is extensive subsistence agriculture found usually?

A

In areas where:
1. Environmental is marginal
2. Carrying capacity is low

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16
Q

Where does plantation date back to?

A

Europe
Spread to areas like:
- Caribbean
- Central South America
- Asia
- Africa
(Specifics)
- Jamaica
- Brazil
- Sri Lanka

17
Q

What is monocropping good for? Example?

A
  1. Specialization
  2. Efficiency

For ex.)
US Midwest = corn and soybeans

18
Q

Where is shifting cultivation typically found? (4)

A
  1. South America
  2. Central Africa
  3. West Africa
  4. Southeast Asia
19
Q

Where is slash and burn usually practiced? (4)

A
  1. Columbia
  2. Brazil
  3. South America
  4. Papua Guinea
20
Q

What is group that practices transhumance?

A

Khoistani people in Afghanistan
-> move livestock

21
Q

What are examples of semi arid grassland that ranch instead of growing crops? (4)

A
  1. American and Canadian west
  2. Brazil, Argentina, and Uruguay in South America
  3. Australia and New Zealand in Oceania
  4. Botswana and South Africa in Africa
22
Q

What are example of areas with an extensive agriculture? (3)

A
  1. Amazon Basin
  2. Central Asia
  3. US West
23
Q

What are some examples of areas that practice intensive agriculture? (2)

A
  1. China
  2. US Midwest
24
Q

Why did domestication happen?

A

1.) Earth Warming
2.) people adapt to new climate regions (because of environmental stress)
3.) population increase

25
Q

What were some of the first domestications?

A

Animals: Sheep and goat
Plants: cereal grains and wild seeds

26
Q

What are some of the ancient hearths besides the Fertile Crescent?

A
  1. Southeast Asia
  2. Ancient North Central China
  3. South Asia
  4. Northern Central America and Southern Mexico
  5. Andean Heights if Southern Mexico
  6. East Africa
  7. West Africa

Maybe? -> Nile River

27
Q

Why did agriculture flourish in ancient hearths?

A

1.) fertile soil
2.) availability of water
3.) moderate climate
4.) irrigation system
5.) Organizational skills of residents
6.) Efficient methods of storing seeds

28
Q

Why did agriculture diffuse?

A

People migrate (because of conflict, new opportunities, or population pressure)

AP HUG Examples (5 decks)

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