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AP US Gov > Unit 5 > Flashcards

Unit 5 Flashcards

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1
Q

What is voter turnout?

A

The percent of eligible voters that vote

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2
Q

Watch news, vote, protest, create petitions, running for office, reaching out to and elected representative, volunteering for an election campaign, donating money, etc.

A

Some ways to participate in politics

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3
Q

Do you have to be a voter to participate in politics?

A

No, you can still support

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4
Q

What influences political participation?

A

Political Ideology, political efficacy, structural barriers

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5
Q

Faith in the government (Think beliefs and motivation)

A

Political efficacy

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6
Q

Obstacles that collectively affect a group disproportionately and perpetuate or maintain stark disparities in outcomes

A

Structural barriers

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7
Q

Jim crow laws, gender roles, lack of representation

A

Examples of structural barriers

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8
Q

-Voting based on what is perceived to be the citizen’s individual interest
-Voting based on the “best” candidate & how they’ll benefit you as an individual

A

Rational Choice-Voting

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9
Q

Do a lot of people use Rational Choice-Voting?

A

No, not a lot of people vote this way

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10
Q

Voting on whether or not the candidate (or party) in power should be re-elected based off of RECENT (last election cycle or two) past

A

Retrospective Voting

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11
Q

Do a lot of people use Retrospective Voting?

A

Yes, a lot of people vote this way

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12
Q

-Voting based on how the voter thinks a party/candidate will do in the future
-Has a big roll in political ideology

A

Prospective Voting

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13
Q

Do a lot of people use Prospective Voting?

A

Yes, this is the average way people vote

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14
Q

-Supporting your party by voting candidates from one political party for all offices for all levels of government (Local, State, National)
-Supporting a certain candidate simply because they’re in your political party

A

Party Line-Voting

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15
Q

Do a lot of people use party line-voting?

A

Yes, this is the main way that people vote

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16
Q

Time of election, type of election, structural barriers, political efficacy, demographics, weather, campaigning, voter registration laws, voting incentives

A

Influences voter turnout

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17
Q

An organization of people with similar political ideologies that seeks to influence public policy by getting a person/candidate elected

A

A political party

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18
Q

-A way to link (bring together) people to the government
-Channels that allow individuals a way to engage in political participation

A

Linkage institutions

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19
Q

Who were the first 2 factions?

A

The federalists and the anti-federalists

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20
Q

Who were the first 2 parties and who were they founded by?

A

Alexander Hamilton’s Federalists and Thomas Jefferson’s Democratic-Republicans

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21
Q

Party organization, party in government, and party in the electorate

A

What political parties are made of

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22
Q

Responsible for educating & mobilizing voters to support candidates who are members of the party

A

Party organization

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23
Q

Elected officials who belong to the party

A

Party in the government

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24
Q

Made up of all citizens who identify with that party

A

Party in the electorate

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25
Q

Party organization with the goal of enriching party leaders/ supporters and/or workers by giving the victors government jobs and contracts

A

A political machine

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26
Q

Elections that decide who’s in the general election

A

Primary elections

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27
Q

When two groups join up/ come together

A

Coalition

28
Q

Elections that lead to party realignment

A

Critical elections?

29
Q

Change in the composition of a party

A

Realignment

30
Q

An individual loses loyalty to their party and switches to another

A

De-alignment

31
Q

Campaign Finance

A

PACS and Super PACS

32
Q

Where is the proportional system for legislative seats commonly used?

A

Europe

33
Q

What is the point of the proportional system?

A

The majority party will still receive a majority seats based on results of the election

34
Q

What does the proportional system benefit?

A

It benefits minor political parties

35
Q

System were legislative seats are awarded to the percentage of votes gathered by a particular party in an election

A

The proportional system

36
Q

Where is the winner-takes-all system for legislative seats commonly used?

A

The U.S.

37
Q

What does the winner-takes-all system benefit?

A

The 2 party system

38
Q

What is the point of the winner-takes-all system?

A

Th majority party will still receive a majority of seats based on results of the election

39
Q

System where the legislative seats are awarded only to the party who received the most votes

A

The winner-takes-all system

40
Q

Formal informal group of people trying to influence the government in favor of their particular interest

A

Interest groups

41
Q

NRA, PETA, ACLU, AARP, NAACP, etc.

A

Examples of interest groups

42
Q

Promotes democracy, can create real change, offer solutions for problems, provide a way for ordinary people to participate in the political process, educate constituents and government officials/incumbents, pluralism

A

The benefits of interest groups

43
Q

Only looks at things from their perspective, only benefits themselves, “Buying candidates/elections”, can lead to hyper-pluralism, they have a lot of money and sometimes get in trouble by doing things illegal with money

A

Problems with interest groups

44
Q

Are all interest groups equal?

A

No

45
Q

Unequal access to decision makers (Some groups have better lobbyists and connections than others, “Free Rider” Problems (People can benefit from interest groups without donating, voting, making effort, or even joining, Single-issue groups (Interest groups that only care about one thing)

A

All interest groups not equal

46
Q

Mutually-beneficial relationship between an interest group, Congress, and the Executive Branch

A

The Iron Triangle?

47
Q

In the Iron Triangle, Congress does what for the Bureaucracy?

A

Gives funding and political support

48
Q

In the Iron Triangle, the Bureaucracy does what for interest groups?

A

Low regulation special favors

49
Q

In the Iron Triangle, interest groups do what for Congress?

A

Give electoral support

50
Q

Group of individuals/public officials/decision makers and/or interest groups that form around a particular issue

A

Issue network

51
Q

Primaries/caucuses, national conventions, general elections, and the electoral college

A

The process of electing the president

52
Q

Which part of the process of electing the president is legally the most important?

A

The Electoral College

53
Q

Are incumbents most or less likely to win an election?

A

most likely

54
Q

Is it possible to win the electoral college vote but lose the popular election?

A

Yes

55
Q

Incumbents are advantaged by___

A

Name recognition, media exposure, staff members, and fundraising infrastructure is already in place

56
Q

Election that decides which candidate a party will send to a general election

A

The primaries

57
Q

Not limited to registered party members

A

An Open Primary

58
Q

Limited to registered party members

A

A Closed Primary

59
Q

A meeting in a voting precinct where party members choose nominees for offices

A

A caucus

60
Q

Is a caucus a secret ballot?

A

No

61
Q

What states use caucuses?

A

Iowa and Nevada

62
Q

Election that decides which candidate will fill an office

A

The General Election

63
Q

An organized effort which seeks to influence the decision making progress within a specific group

A

Campaign

64
Q

Campaigns usually have the aid of a ___

A

Professional election consultant

65
Q

A person who promotes the election of candidates by advising candidates how best to promote themselves and their ideas to the public

A

A professional election consultant

AP US Gov (9 decks)

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