Unit 1 Flashcards
Naturalization
Becoming a citizen
Taxes on imported goods from other countries
Tariffs & duties
What is the most famous Anti-Federalist paper?
Brutus 1
What happens when someone who holds power dies?
There’s a power vacuum
Had a negative outlook on life and believed people were truly naturally bad
Hobbes
What did Hobbes believe people entered the government for?
Fear for protection
Hobbes believed in the state of ___
Nature
Had a positive outlook on life and believed everyone was born with a clean record/slate
Locke
What was Locke against?
Divine right to rule
Locke believed in social ___
Social contracts
French baron/noble that believed in separation laws/powers
Montesquieu
French dishonorable man who believed in separation of church and state
Rousseau
Rousseau believed in voting ___
Democratically
What happens when the law making and law enforcing body are one?
There is no limit to power
Who drafted the Declaration of Independence?
Thomas Jefferson
Popular sovereignty
The people are the source of the government’s power
In the countries documents that helped it become independent (The Declaration of Independence and The Constitution) what were their roles?
The Declaration of Independence was the why (Why they wanted independence) and the Constitution was the how and what
Setting up colonies to make money
Colonialism/Mercantilism
America was recognized but neglected by the the British
Salutary neglect
Protest on stamp taxes led by drunk men dumping tea in the harbor
Boston Tea Party
The Articles of Confederation were a ___ document
weak
The AOC enforced a weak ___
government
When was the AOC created?
During the American Revolution
Who retained sovereignty when the Articles of Confederation were still in place?
The states
When the government was ran by the Articles of Confederation that states held sovereignty not the people, what does that mean?
The states held the power, not the people
How were bills passed under the articles of confederation? How many?
Using votes, 9/13
Under the Articles of Confederation there was no ___
National judicial system, military (offensive and defensive), executive branch, power to control trade, power to force states to honor obligation,
What did amending the AoC take?
Unanimous consent
Why didn’t we call the Federalists and Anti-Federalist political parties?
Because they weren’t trying to get people elected
What is the most famous Federalist paper?
Federalist 10
What did Federalist 10 focus on?
Superiority of a large republic in controlling factions
What are the other 2 names of the Great (Connecticut) Compromise?
Virginia Plan vs. New Jersey Plan and Small states vs. Big states
Virginia Plan wanted more reps. because they had a bigger population, New Jersey Plan wanted less because more wouldn’t matter for a small population
What was the Great Connecticut Compromise?
3/5 compromise
Slaves only counted as 3/5 of a person when voting
When did the slave trade compromise take place?
74 years before the civil war
Slave trade compromise
North wanted to end slave trade, South didn’t (Slaves were to not be imported)
Thomas Jefferson signed the bill in 1808 that end what?
The slave trade
Electoral College Compromise
Popular/Direct election of POTUS
Amendments are proposed on a national level & ratified on the state level
The Amendments Process Compromise
When the states agreed to adding the Bill of Rights to the Constitution
Massachusetts compromise
When did the Constitution take place?
June 1788
When was the Bill of Rights ratified?
December 1797
When did the Federal government’s power increase the most? Example?
During times of national crisis, 9/11
What is the ESEA’s purpose? Where mainly?
To bridge the gap of high and low income groups, Schools
Formal accusation, charged with wrong doing
Indictment
Gathering evidence and holding a trial to determine a guilt of wrong doing
Impeachment
What do you need to be impeached?
A simple majority of the House of Representatives
What do you need to be removed from the presidential office?
You must be convicted by 2/3 of the Senate
All 3 branches of the government have some little control over the other 2
Checks and Balances
Power is divided or shared between a national government and state governments
Federalism
President can keep documents private for national safety
Executive Privilege
Exclusive powers?
Example?
Powers given exclusively to the federal/national government
Declaring war, Conducting foreign affairs
Concurrent powers?
Example?
Shared by both states and federal governments
Lawmaking, Taxation, Establishing courts
Giving power back to state governments
Devolution
When was devolution popular?
In the 1980’s when Ronald Reagan was president
Money “gifts” from federal government
Grants
What do grants often come with?
“conditions of aid” or “strings attached”
Grants for broad purposes
Block grants
Order from the federal government that states and local governments must comply with
Federal Mandates
Grants given for more specific reasons than block grants
Categorical grants
