Unit 46. Family and friends

Question 1

relatives

Answer 1

Yourrelativesare the members of your family.

Do relatives of yours still live in Siberia?
Get a relative to look after the children.

Question 2

relations

Answer 2

family orrelatives

Question 3

son

Answer 3

Someone’s son is their male child.

He shared a pizza with his son Laurence.
Sam is the seven-year-old son of Eric Davies.
They have a son.

Question 4

husband

Answer 4

Someone’s husband is the man they are married to.

Eva married her husband Jack in 1957.
Are they husband and wife?

Question 5

wife

Answer 5

Someone’s wife is the woman they are married to.

He married his wife Jane 37 years ago.
The woman was the wife of a film director. [+ of]

Question 6

partner

Answer 6

Your partner is the person you are married to or are having a romantic or sexual relationship with.

Wanting other friends doesn’t mean you don’t love your partner.
…his choice of marriage partner.

Question 7

one-parent family

Answer 7

A one-parent family is a family that consists of one parent and his or her children living together.

Many children are now born into or raised in one-parent families.

Question 8

single-parent family

Answer 8

another name for one-parent family.

Question 9

daughter

Answer 9

Someone’s daughter is their female child.

…Flora and her daughter Catherine.
…the daughter of a university professor.
I have two daughters.

Question 10

grandfather

Answer 10

Your grandfather is the father of your father or mother. You can call your grandfather ‘Grandfather’.

His grandfather was a professor.

Question 11

grandmother

Answer 11

Your grandmother is the mother of your father or mother. You can call your grandmother ‘Grandmother’.

My grandmothers are both widows.

Question 12

uncle

Answer 12

Someone’s uncle is the brother of their mother or father, or the husband of their aunt.

My uncle was the mayor of Memphis.
A text from Uncle Fred arrived.
Uncle, pa wants to see you.

Question 13

aunt

Answer 13

Someone’s aunt is the sister of their mother or father, or the wife of their uncle.

She wrote to her aunt in America.
It was a present from Aunt Vera.

Question 14

cousin

Answer 14

Your cousin is the child of your uncle or aunt.

My cousin Mark helped me.
We are cousins.

Question 15

father-in-law

Answer 15

Someone’s father-in-law is the father of their husband or wife.

Your father-in-law has really crossed the boundary.

Question 16

mother-in-law

Answer 16

Someone’s mother-in-law is the mother of their husband or wife.

With no time to organise an outfit she borrowed a dress from her new mother-in-law.

Question 17

brother-in-law

Answer 17

Someone’s brother-in-law is the brother of their husband or wife, or the man who is married to one of their siblings.

My brother-in-law is coming to stay for the weekend.

Question 18

sister-in-law

Answer 18

Someone’s sister-in-law is the sister of their husband or wife, or the woman who is married to one of their siblings.

How she apologises to her brother and sister-in-law remains to be seen.

Question 19

nephew

Answer 19

Someone’s nephew is the son of their sister or brother.

I am planning a 25th birthday party for my nephew.

Question 20

niece

Answer 20

Someone’s niece is the daughter of their sister or brother.

…his niece from America, the daughter of his eldest sister.

Question 21

widower

Answer 21

A widower is a man whose spouse has died and who has not married again.

After the funeral deep mourning is worn by the widower or widow for about a year.

Question 22

widow

Answer 22

A widow is a woman whose spouse has died and who has not married again.

Question 23

step-father

Answer 23

Someone’s stepfather is a man who is not their biological father, but is married to their parent.

She danced up the aisle with her stepfather and then her eldest son.

Question 24

step-mother

Answer 24

omeone’s stepmother is a woman who is not their biological mother, but is married to their parent.

She claims that being a stepmother gives her the best of all worlds.

Question 25

gardener

Answer 25

A gardener is someone who enjoys working in their own garden growing flowers or vegetables.

…enthusiastic amateur gardeners.

Question 26

to grow [smth.]

grow, grew, growen

Answer 26

If you grow a particular type of plant, you put seeds or young plants in the ground and look after them as they develop.

I always grow a few red onions. [VERB noun]
Lettuce was grown by the Ancient Romans. [VERB noun]

Question 27

to sell [smth.; smth. to smn.; smth for some profit especially money]

sell, sold, sold

Answer 27

If you sell something that you own, you let someone have it in return for money.

I sold everything I owned except for my car and my books. [VERB noun]
His heir sold the painting to the London art dealer Agnews. [VERB noun + to]
The directors sold the business for £14.8 million. [VERB noun + for]
It’s not a very good time to sell at the moment. [VERB]
[Also V n n, V to n]

Question 28

to inherite [smith.; smith. from smn.; to be inherited …]

Answer 28

If you inherit money or property, you receive it from someone who has died.

He has no son to inherit his land. [VERB noun]
…paintings that he inherited from his father. [VERB noun + from]
…people with inherited wealth. [VERB-ed]

Question 29

to carry on [verb-ing smth.; smth.; with smth.]

Answer 29

If you carry on doing something, you continue to do it.

The assistant carried on talking. [VERB PARTICLE verb-ing]
Her bravery has given him the will to carry on with his life and his work. [VERB PARTICLE + with]
His eldest son Joseph carried on his father’s traditions. [VERB PARTICLE noun]
‘Do you mind if I just start with the few formal questions please?’—’Carry on.’ [VERB PARTICLE]

Question 30

hard

Answer 30

If you work hard doing something, you are very active or work intensely, with a lot of effort.

I’ll work hard. I don’t want to let him down.
Am I trying too hard?

Question 31

married [to smn.]

Answer 31

If you are married, you have a husband or wife.

We have been married for 14 years.
She is married to an Englishman. [+ to]
…a married man with two children.

Question 32

marry; get merried [to smn.]

Answer 32

When two people get married or marry, they legally become partners in a special ceremony. Get married is less formal and more commonly used than marry.

I thought he would change after we got married. [get VERB-ed]
They married a month after they met. [VERB]
He wants to marry her. [VERB noun]
He got married to wife Beryl when he was 19. [get V-ed + to]
I am getting married on Monday. [get VERB-ed]
She ought to marry again, don’t you think? [VERB]

Question 33

move [smth.; to smth.]

Answer 33

If a person or company moves, they leave the building where they have been living or working, and they go to live or work in a different place, taking their possessions with them.

My family is in Yorkshire and they don’t want to move. [VERB]
She had often considered moving to London. [VERB + to]
They move house fairly frequently. [VERB noun]
The London Evening Standard moved offices a few years ago. [VERB noun]

Question 34

born [to be born of / to smn.]

Answer 34

When a baby is born, it comes out of its mother’s body at the beginning of its life. In formal English, if you say that someone is born of someone or to someone, you mean that person is their parent.

My mother was 40 when I was born. [be VERB-ed]
She was born in London on April 29, 1923. [be VERB-ed]
He was born of German parents and lived most of his life abroad. [be V-ed + of/to]
Willie Smith was the second son born to Jean and Stephen. [V-ed + of/to]

Question 35

only child

Answer 35

a person who has no siblings.

She’s an only child.

Question 36

sibling

[formal]

Answer 36

Your siblings are your brothers and sisters.

His siblings are mostly in their early twenties.
Sibling rivalry often causes parents anxieties.

Question 37

first name

Answer 37

Your first name is the first of the names that were given to you when you were born. You can also refer to all of your names except your surname as your first names.

Her first name was Mary. I don’t know what her surname was.
See on first name terms.

Question 38

surname

Answer 38

Your surname is the name that you share with other members of your family. In English-speaking countries and many other countries it is your last name.

She’d never known his surname.
Although they share a surname they are not related.

Question 39

share [ smth.; smith. with smn. or smith.; smith. between smn. or smith.]

Answer 39

If you share something with another person, you both have it, use it, or occupy it. You can also say that two people share something.

…the small income he had shared with his brother from his father’s estate. [VERB noun + with]
Two Americans will share this year’s Nobel Prize for Medicine. [VERB noun]
Scarce water resources are shared between states who cannot trust each other. [be V-ed + between]
Most hostel tenants would prefer single to shared rooms. [VERB-ed]

Question 40

middle name

Answer 40

Your middle name is the name that comes between your first name and your surname.

His middle name is Justin.

Question 41

full name

Answer 41

somebody’s whole name, including their first and surname, and sometimes any middle names.

I haven’t got his full name.
My full name is Ian John Marr.

Question 42

friend [of smn.]

Answer 42

A friend is someone who you know well and like, but who is not related to you.

I had a long talk about this with my best friend.
She never was a close friend of mine. [+ of]
…Sara’s old friend, Ogden.

Question 43

old

Answer 43

You use old to refer to something that used to belong to you, or to a person or thing that used to have a particular role in your life.

I’ll make up the bed in your old room.
I still have affection for my old school.
Mark was heartbroken when Jane returned to her old boyfriend.

Question 44

close [close to smn.]

Answer 44

You say that people are close to each other when they like each other very much and know each other very well.

She and Linda became very close.
As a little girl, Karan was closest to her sister Gail. [+ to]
I shared a house with a close friend from school.
I had a close relationship with my grandfather.

Question 45

best friend

Answer 45

a dearest friend

She is her best friend.

Question 46

colleague

Answer 46

Your colleagues are the people you work with, especially in a professional job.

Without consulting his colleagues he flew from Lisbon to Split.
A colleague urged him to see a psychiatrist, but Faulkner refused.

Question 47

ex-husband

Answer 47

a former husband

Question 48

ex-wife

Answer 48

a former wife

Question 49

ex-boyfriend

Answer 49

a former boyfriend

Question 50

ex-girlfriend

Answer 50

a former girlfriend