Unit 4.1 Atomic Structure (checklist given in class)

Question 1

define mixture

Answer 1

two or more elements or compounds not chemically combined together. the chemical properties of each substance in the mixture is unchanged

Question 2

define atom

Answer 2

the smallest part of an element that can exist

Question 3

define element

Answer 3

a substance made up of only one type of atom

Question 4

define compound

Answer 4

a substance made up of two or more different atoms chemically bonded together in fixed proportions

Question 5

define molecule

Answer 5

a substance made up of more than one type of atom chemically bonded together

Question 6

state the type of mixture separated by filtration

Answer 6

an insoluble solid in a liquid

Question 7

state the type of mixture separated by crystallization

Answer 7

a soluble solid from a solution

Question 8

state the type of mixture separated by simple distillation

Answer 8

a solution containing two liquids or a solvent from a liquid

Question 9

state the type of mixture separated by fractional distillation

Answer 9

a mixture of more than two different solvents

Question 10

state the type of mixture separated by chromatography

Answer 10

a mixture of solvents or solutions

Question 11

how was the atom described prior to the development of the atom

Answer 11

as a tiny sphere that could not be divided

Question 12

what led to the development of the plumb pudding model

Answer 12

the discovery of the electron

Question 13

what is the plumb pudding model

Answer 13

a ball of positive charge with negative electrons embedded into it

Question 14

what experiment led to the development of the nuclear model

Answer 14

the alpha scattering experiment

Question 15

what were the two conclusions from the alpha scattering experiment

Answer 15

the mass of the atom was concentration at the center (nucleus) and the nucleus was positively charged

Question 16

how did Neils Bohr adapt the nuclear model

Answer 16

by suggesting that electrons orbit the nucleus at specific distances

Question 17

what evidence supported Neils Bohr adapted nuclear model

Answer 17

the theoretical calculations oh Bohr agreed with experimental observations

Question 18

how were protons discovered in the nucleus

Answer 18

later experiments led to the idea that the positive charge of any nucleus could be subdivided into a whole number of smaller particles, each particle having the exact same amount of positive charge

Question 19

what was James Chadwick’s contribution to the atomic model

Answer 19

he provided the evidence to show the existence of neutrons within the nucleus

Question 20

state the 3 subatomic particles

Answer 20

proton
neutron
electron