Unit 4 - World War I Conclusion

Question 1

“Over There”

Answer 1

Song by George M. Cohan which became the unofficial anthem of WWI; it showed the confidence that most Americans felt - that we could do what no one else had been able to do: win the war

Question 2

Selective Service Act

Answer 2

Law that instituted the draft for the military; draft = required all American men 21-30 to register for a military draft; the ages later expanded to 18-40; this created a pool of almost 24 million men to choose from

Question 3

War Industries Board

Answer 3

Government agency which regulated or nationalized certain businesses in America to make sure the government had everything it needed to fight the war

Question 4

National War Labor Board

Answer 4

Government agency that was created to settle disputes between management and workers and prevent work stoppages; especially in war industries

Question 5

Herbert Hoover

Answer 5

Former mining engineer who made a name for himself during WWI by heading the agency which increased food production; would later become the president of the United States of America

Question 6

Food Administration

Answer 6

Government agency which sought to increase production during WWI so that we could feed ourselves, our soldiers, our allies, and eventually our enemies

Question 7

Liberty Loans

Answer 7

Government war bonds which Americans were encouraged to buy to help pay for the war; the sale of these covered 2/3 of the cost of the war

Question 8

Liberty cabbage

Answer 8

Example of the super patriotic and anti-German sentiments that many Americans felt after we joined the war in 1917; many people wanted to change the names of anything that they thought sounded too German

Question 9

Espionage and Sedition Acts

Answer 9

Bad legislation under which a person could be fined up to $10,000 and imprisoned up to 20 years for interfering with the draft, interfering with the sale of war bonds, or saying anything disloyal, profane, or abusive about the government or the war effort

Question 10

Eugene V. Debs

Answer 10

Founder and leader of the Socialist Party of America who was sentenced to 10 years in prison for openly opposing the war; most notable American to be jailed for speaking out against the conflict; was pardoned by the next president after serving only 3 years of his sentence

Question 11

American Expeditionary Force

Answer 11

What the American army was called that fought in Europe during WWI

Question 12

John J. Pershing

Answer 12

American general who was the commander of U.S. Troops in Europe during WWI; could be ruthless and was known to have a bad temper

Question 13

Doughboys

Answer 13

Nickname of the American soldiers who fought in Europe during WWI

Question 14

Alvin York

Answer 14

Sharpshooter who was considered to be the greatest American hero of WWI after he, almost singlehandedly, killed 28 Germans and captured 132 others; received the Congressional Medal of Honor for his heroics

Question 15

Ferdinand Foch

Answer 15

French general who was the supreme Ally commander in Europe during WWI

Question 16

Croix de Guerre

Answer 16

Military Honor which several African-American soldiers received from the French government during World War I, although not 1 received our nation’s highest honor

Question 17

Kaiser Wilhelm II

Answer 17

The royal ruler of Germany during WWI; near the end of the war, he abdicated the throne and fled to the Netherlands in fear of his own people

Question 18

Armistice

Answer 18

Agreement which ended the fighting of WWI; took place on the 11th hour of the 11th day of the 11th month of the year 1918

Question 19

Versailles

Answer 19

Place outside of Paris where the peace conferences which concluded WWI began in January of 1919; spectacular palace was built there by a French king in the 1600s

Question 20

Big Four

Answer 20

The leaders of the main victorious nations of the war; created most of the policies at the peace conferences

Question 21

Woodrow Wilson

Answer 21

President of the United States who helped to create most of the peace policies that came out of the peace conferences; wanted to create a just and lasting peace; was forced to give up many of the things he wanted included in the treaty

Question 22

David Lloyd George

Answer 22

Prime Minister of Great Britain who helped to create most of the peace policies that came out of the peace conferences; wanted a treaty that would punish Germany

Question 23

George Clemenceau

Answer 23

Premier of France who helped to create most of the policies that came out of the peace conferences; REALLY wanted to punish Germany was considered to be a tiger by a his contemporaries

Question 24

Vittorio Orlando

Answer 24

Premier of Italy who helped make some of the policies that came out of the peace conferences; returned to his home when the President of the United States wouldn’t let him have his way on every issue

Question 25

Fourteen Points

Answer 25

The President’s plan for peace at the end of the WWI

1) Open agreements between nations
2) Freedom of the seas
3) Removal of trade barriers
4) Reduction of armaments
5) Colonial policies taking into account the interests of the colonial people
6) Governments establish based on self-determination
7) Creation of a world peace-keeping body called the League of Nations

Question 26

League of Nations

Answer 26

Brain-child of the President of the United States; international peace-keeping body through which the nations of the world would settle their disputes without fighting

Question 27

War Guilt Clause

Answer 27

Part of the peace treaty where Germany was forced to assume responsibility for starting the war and for causing most of the damage that occured in it

Question 28

Reparations

Answer 28

Part of the peace treaty which forced Germany to pay for damages caused by war that helped reduce Germany to the lowest depths of economic depression